Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/o(b)rěxъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *aráisas, from Proto-Indo-European *or-. Cognate with Albanian arrë (“walnut”), Ancient Greek ἄρυα (árua, “walnut”), Latvian riẽksts, Lithuanian riеšаs.

Noun

*o(b)rěxъ m

nut
walnut

Declension

Declension of *ȍ(b)rěxъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ȍ(b)rěxъ	*ȍ(b)rěxa	*ȍ(b)rěśi
genitive	*ȍ(b)rěxa	*o(b)rěxù	*o(b)rě̃xъ
dative	*ȍ(b)rěxu	*o(b)rěxomà	*o(b)rěxòmъ
accusative	*ȍ(b)rěxъ	*ȍ(b)rěxa	*ȍ(b)rěxy
instrumental	ȍ(b)rěxъmь, ȍ(b)rěxomь^*	*o(b)rěxomà	*o(b)rěxý
locative	*ȍ(b)rěśě	*o(b)rěxù	*o(b)rěśě̃xъ
vocative	*o(b)rěše	*ȍ(b)rěxa	*ȍ(b)rěśi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: орѣхъ (orěxŭ)
  - Old Ruthenian: орѣ́хъ (orě́x), горѣ́хъ (horě́x), орі́хъ (oríx)
    - Belarusian: арэ́х (aréx), гарэ́х (haréx)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: орі́х (oríx)
    - Ukrainian: горі́х (horíx); орі́х (oríx), ворі́х (voríx), йорі́х (joríx), оре́х (oréx) (dialectal)
  - Russian: оре́х (oréx)
    - → Kildin Sami: орех (or’ex)
    - → Skolt Sami: ååʹreh
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: орѣхъ (orěxŭ)
- Bulgarian: о́рех (óreh)
- Macedonian: орев (orev, “walnut”)
- Serbo-Croatian: о̀рах, òrah
- Slovene: óreh
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: ořěch
  - Czech: ořech
- Kashubian: òrzech
- Polabian: vrex
- Polish: orzech
- Silesian: ôrzech
- Slovak: orech
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: wórjech
  - Upper Sorbian: worjech

References

Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (2002), “*obrěxъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 29 (*obpovědati – *obsojьnica), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 71
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “орех”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Derksen, Rick (2008) “*orěxъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 374

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