< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krǫtiti
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Deadjectival from *krǫ̑tъ (“winding? steep? severe?”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *krant-, also found in Lithuanian krañtas (“bank (of a river)”).
- Per Derksen, with no cognates outside of Balto-Slavic.
- Per Vasmer, presumably from a nasal-infix variant of Proto-Indo-European *kert-, found in Sanskrit कृणत्ति (kṛṇátti, “to twist thread, to spin”), चृटति (cṛṭáti, “to bind, to fasten together”), Ancient Greek κάρταλος (kártalos, “basket”), κυρτία (kurtía, “anything made of wicker”), Latin crātis (“wattle fence, corral”), Old Irish cret (“body of a cart”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐍃 (haurds, “door”), Old High German hurt (“wattle fence, anything made of wicker”) (plural hurdi).
Inflection
Conjugation of *krǫtiti, *krǫti, *krǫtitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *krǫťenьje | *krǫtiti | *krǫtitъ | *krǫtilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *krǫťenъ | *krǫtimъ |
| Active | *krǫťь | *krǫtę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *krǫtixъ | *krǫti | *krǫti | *krǫťǫ | *krǫtiši | *krǫtitь |
| Dual | *krǫtixově | *krǫtista | *krǫtiste | *krǫtivě | *krǫtita | *krǫtite |
| Plural | *krǫtixomъ | *krǫtiste | *krǫtišę | *krǫtimъ | *krǫtite | *krǫtętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *krǫťaaxъ | *krǫťaaše | *krǫťaaše | — | *krǫti | *krǫti |
| Dual | *krǫťaaxově | *krǫťaašeta | *krǫťaašete | *krǫtivě | *krǫtita | — |
| Plural | *krǫťaaxomъ | *krǫťaašete | *krǫťaaxǫ | *krǫtimъ | *krǫtite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*krǫtivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Related terms
- *krǫ̑tъ (“winding? steep? severe?”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “крята́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*krǫtiti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 30
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) “*krǫtiti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 251: “v. ‘turn, twist, twirl’”
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