< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gajati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Of onomatopoeic nature, formed as ga! +‎ *-jati. Continues Proto-Balto-Slavic *gāˀi-, from Proto-Indo-European *g⁽ʷ⁾eH- (“to sing”). Cognate with Sanskrit गायति (gā́yati, “to sing”) and akin to Latvian dziêdât (“to sing”), Lithuanian giedóti (“to sing”)[1]. The Baltic forms are enlarged with *-d⁽ʰ⁾-.

Verb

*gajati impf[2]

  1. to caw, to croak

Inflection
Conjugation of *gajati, *gaja, *gajajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*gajanьje *gajati *gajatъ *gajalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *gajanъ *gajajemъ
Active *gajavъ *gajaję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *gajaxъ*gaja*gaja *gajajǫ*gajaješi*gajajetь
Dual *gajaxově*gajasta*gajaste *gajajevě*gajajeta*gajajete
Plural *gajaxomъ*gajaste*gajašę *gajajemъ*gajajete*gajajǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *gajaaxъ*gajaaše*gajaaše —*gajaji*gajaji
Dual *gajaaxově*gajaašeta*gajaašete *gajajivě*gajajita—
Plural *gajaaxomъ*gajaašete*gajaaxǫ *gajajimъ*gajajite—
  • *gajь (“squeak”)
  • *gavati (“to bark, to croak”)
  • *gakati (“to caw”)
  • *gaga (“sea-duck”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: гаꙗти (gajati, “to caw, croak”)
      • Russian: га́ять (gájatʹ, “to yawn, talk, scream, curse”) (dialectal)

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “гаять”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*gajati II”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 84
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “га¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 219

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2015) “*giedoti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 174
  2. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*gajati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 161
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