< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bъdrъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *budras, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰros, from *bʰewdʰ-. Morphologically *bъd- + *-rъ.
Cognate with Lithuanian budrùs (“vigilant”), Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬌𐬠𐬎𐬛𐬭𐬀 (zaēnibudra)
Adjective
Inflection
Accent paradigm b.
Indefinite declension of *bъdrъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *bъdrъ | *bъdra | *bъdro |
| genitive | *bъdra | *bъdry | *bъdra |
| dative | *bъdru | *bъdrě | *bъdru |
| accusative | *bъdrъ | *bъdrǫ | *bъdro |
| instrumental | *bъdromь | *bъdrojǫ | *bъdromь |
| locative | *bъdrě | *bъdrě | *bъdrě |
| vocative | *bъdre | *bъdro | *bъdro |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *bъdra | *bъdrě | *bъdrě |
| genitive | *bъdru | *bъdru | *bъdru |
| dative | *bъdroma | *bъdrama | *bъdroma |
| accusative | *bъdra | *bъdrě | *bъdrě |
| instrumental | *bъdroma | *bъdrama | *bъdroma |
| locative | *bъdru | *bъdru | *bъdru |
| vocative | *bъdra | *bъdrě | *bъdrě |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *bъdri | *bъdry | *bъdra |
| genitive | *bъdrъ | *bъdrъ | *bъdrъ |
| dative | *bъdromъ | *bъdramъ | *bъdromъ |
| accusative | *bъdry | *bъdry | *bъdra |
| instrumental | *bъdry | *bъdrami | *bъdry |
| locative | *bъdrěxъ | *bъdraxъ | *bъdrěxъ |
| vocative | *bъdri | *bъdry | *bъdra |
Definite declension of *bъdrъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *bъdrъjь | *bъdraja | *bъdroje |
| genitive | *bъdrajego | *bъdryję̇ | *bъdrajego |
| dative | *bъdrujemu | *bъdrěji | *bъdrujemu |
| accusative | *bъdrъjь | *bъdrǫjǫ | *bъdroje |
| instrumental | *bъdryjimь | *bъdrǫjǫ | *bъdryjimь |
| locative | *bъdrějemь | *bъdrěji | *bъdrějemь |
| vocative | *bъdrъjь | *bъdraja | *bъdroje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *bъdraja | *bъdrěji | *bъdrěji |
| genitive | *bъdruju | *bъdruju | *bъdruju |
| dative | *bъdryjima | *bъdryjima | *bъdryjima |
| accusative | *bъdraja | *bъdrěji | *bъdrěji |
| instrumental | *bъdryjima | *bъdryjima | *bъdryjima |
| locative | *bъdruju | *bъdruju | *bъdruju |
| vocative | *bъdraja | *bъdrěji | *bъdrěji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *bъdriji | *bъdryję̇ | *bъdraja |
| genitive | *bъdrъjixъ | *bъdrъjixъ | *bъdrъjixъ |
| dative | *bъdryjimъ | *bъdryjimъ | *bъdryjimъ |
| accusative | *bъdryję̇ | *bъdryję̇ | *bъdraja |
| instrumental | *bъdryjimi | *bъdryjimi | *bъdryjimi |
| locative | *bъdryjixъ | *bъdryjixъ | *bъdryjixъ |
| vocative | *bъdriji | *bъdryję̇ | *bъdraja |
Alternative forms
- *bъ̀dřь
Derived terms
- *bъdriti
- *bъdrostь, *bъdrota
- *bъdry
Descendants
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “бодрый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “бодрый”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 100
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*bъdrъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 111
- Šanskij, N. M. (2004) “бодрый”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) “*bъ̀drъ; *bъ̀dŗь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 69: “adj. o; adj. jo (b) ‘alert, cheerful’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001) “bъdrъ bъdra bъdro”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 21, 108, 110f.; PR 136)”
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