Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/namir-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Etymology

From Proto-Afroasiatic *mariy- (“wild cat, lion, leopard”). Cognate with Egyptian mꜣj (“lion”) and mjw (“cat”), Alagwa mariy-amo (“wild cat”), Pévé merian (“wild cat, serval”), Ngete mēr (“serval”).

Noun

*namir- m

leopard

Inflection

Declension of *namir-

Case

Singular

Dual

Plural

Nominative

*namirum

*namirāna

plural stem + *-ūna

Genitive

*namirim

*namirayna

plural stem + *-īna

Accusative

*namiram

possessive forms

1st person

*namirī / *namirVya

—

*namirVni

2nd person m

*namirVka

*namirVkumā / *namirVkumay

*namirVkum(ū)

2nd person f

*namirVki

*namirVkin(ā)

3rd person m

*namirVšu

*namirVšumā / *namirVšumay

*namirVšum(ū)

3rd person f

*namirVša

*namirVšin(ā)

Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.

Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *namiruya for nom. case, *namiriya for gen. case, *namiraya for acc. case, etc.

Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *namir-

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*namiruka	*namirāka	plural stem + *-ūka
Genitive	*namirika	*namirayka	plural stem + *-īka
Accusative	*namiraka	*namirayka	plural stem + *-īka

Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *namir-

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*namiruki	*namirāki	plural stem + *-ūki
Genitive	*namiriki	*namirayki	plural stem + *-īki
Accusative	*namiraki	*namirayki	plural stem + *-īki

Descendants

East Semitic:
- Akkadian: 𒊊𒌉 (nimrum)
- Eblaite: 𒈾𒈨𒈝 (na-me-lum)
West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
  - Arabic: نَمِر (namir)
  - Northwest Semitic:
    - Aramaic: נִמְרָא (nimrā’)
      - Classical Syriac: ܢܶܡܪܳܐ (nemrā)
    - Canaanite:
      - Hebrew: נָמֵר (namér, nāmēr)
  - Old South Arabian:
    - Old South Arabian: 𐩬𐩣𐩧 (nmr)
- Ethiopian Semitic:
  - Amharic: ነብር (näbr)
  - Ge'ez: ነምር (nämr)
  - Tigre: ነብሪ (näbri)
  - Tigrinya: ነምሪ (nämri), ነብሪ (näbri)
  - Sebat Bet Gurage: ነውር (näwǝr)
- Modern South Arabian:
  - Harsusi: nemr

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