< Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic
Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/lišān-
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This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Semitic
Alternative forms
- *liššān-
- *lašān-
Etymology
From Proto-Afroasiatic *lis- (“tongue”) with the nominal suffix + *-ān-. Cognate with Proto-Berber *iləs, Egyptian ns, and Proto-Chadic (whence Hausa harshe).
Inflection
Masculine:
Declension of *lišān-
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *lišānum | *lišānāna | plural stem + *-ūna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | *lišānim | *lišānayna | plural stem + *-īna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accusative | *lišānam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st person | *lišānī / *lišānVya | — | *lišānVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person m | *lišānVka | *lišānVkumā / *lišānVkumay | *lišānVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person f | *lišānVki | *lišānVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person m | *lišānVšu | *lišānVšumā / *lišānVšumay | *lišānVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person f | *lišānVša | *lišānVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.
Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *lišānuya for nom. case, *lišāniya for gen. case, *lišānaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *lišān-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *lišān-
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Feminine:
Declension of *lišān-
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *lišānum | *lišānāna | *lišānātum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | *lišānim | *lišānayna | *lišānātim | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accusative | *lišānam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st person | *lišānī / *lišānVya | — | *lišānVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person m | *lišānVka | *lišānVkumā / *lišānVkumay | *lišānVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person f | *lišānVki | *lišānVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person m | *lišānVšu | *lišānVšumā / *lišānVšumay | *lišānVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person f | *lišānVša | *lišānVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.
Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *lišānuya for nom. case, *lišāniya for gen. case, *lišānaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *lišān-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *lišān-
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Derived terms
- *liš-ān-u-m
- *lišš-ān-u-m
- *laš-ān-u-m
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