< Reconstruction:Proto-Oceanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Oceanic/kapika

This Proto-Oceanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Oceanic

Noun

*kapika

  1. A plant of the genus Syzygium, especially the Malay apple (Syzygium malaccense)[1][2]

Descendants
  • Admiralty Islands
    • Lou: keik
    • Seimat: ahi
  • Western Oceanic
    • Meso–Melanesian
      • St. Matthias
        • Mussau-Emira: kaviu
      • Willaumez
    • North New Guinea
      • Ngero–Vitiaz
        • Jabem: àiŋ
        • Mengen: gaiva
        • Tami: kapig
  • Central-Eastern Oceanic
    • Southeast Solomonic
      • Bugotu–Gela
        • Gela: gaviga
      • Malaita–Makira
        • Arosi: 'ahi'a
        • Bauro: gahiga
        • Kwara'ae: 'afi'o
        • Lau: afio
        • Owa: gafiga
    • Temotu
      • >? Aiwoo: näve (< *na-kapika)
      • Teanu: ahie
    • Southern Oceanic
      • Northern Vanuatu
        • Raga: gaviga
        • Marino: gafiga
        • Espiritu Santo
        • South Pentecost
          • Apma: kavik
        • Torres–Banks
      • Central Vanuatu
        • Ambrym–Paama–Epi
          • Dakaka: have
          • Lewo: kavika
          • Namakura: kavik
          • Paama: ahie
        • Malakula
          • Eastern
            • Axamb: havëh
            • Maskelynes: haveh
            • Port Sandwich: xavik
            • Uripiv-Wala-Rano-Atchin: navi (< *na-kapika)
          • Western
            • Avava: avik (< *a-kapika)
            • Big Nambas: nav˝h (< *na-kapika)
            • Labo: nevüke (< *na-kapika)
            • Litzlitz: naavëkh (< *na-kapika)
            • Maragus: niivëkh (< *na-kapika)
            • Neverver: nakhavikh (< *na-kapika)
        • Shepherds-Efate
          • North Efate: nakavika (< *na-kapika)
            • → Bislama: nakavika
          • South Efate: nkavik (< *na-kapika)
    • South Vanuatu: *nə-ɣaviɣ (< *na-kapika) (Lynch 2001, p. 243)
      • Aneityum: inyehec (-y- is unexplained)[3]
      • Tanna
        • Kwamera: nova
        • Lenakel: nəkəvək
    • New Caledonian-Loyalties
      • Iaai: xöiö
      • Kumak: caac
      • Nyâlayu: câc
      • Xârâcùù: këù
      • Yuaga: caai
  • Central Pacific
    • Rotuman: hahi‘a (incomplete hahiạ‘)
    • Fijian: kavika
    • Proto-Polynesian: *kafika
      • Proto-Nuclear Polynesian:
        • Proto-Eastern Polynesian:
          • Marquesic
            • Hawaiian: ʻōhiʻa
            • Mangarevan: keʻika
            • North Marquesan: kehika
            • South Marquesan: keʻika
          • Tahitic
        • Samoic-Outlier
          • >? Samoan: fi'afi'a
          • Ellician
            • Nuguria: kahika
            • Ontong Java: 'ahi'a
        • Futunic
          • Anuta: kapika
          • East Futuna: kafika
          • Futuna-Aniwa: kafika
          • Mele-Fila: kafika
          • Pileni: kahika
          • Tikopia: kafika
          • Wallisian: kafika
          • West Uvean: kafika
          • → Niuean: kafika
      • Tongic
        • Niuean: fekakai
        • Tongan: fekika

References
  1. Malcolm D. Ross, Andrew Pawley, Meredith Osmond, editors (2008), The lexicon of Proto-Oceanic (Asia-Pacific Linguistics; 599), volume 3, Plants, Canberra: Australian National University, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 348
  2. Ross Clark (2009) *Leo Tuai: A comparative lexical study of North and Central Vanuatu languages (Asia-Pacific Linguistics; 603), Canberra: Australian National University, →ISBN, pages 112-113
  3. John Lynch (2001) The linguistic history of southern Vanuatu (Asia-Pacific Linguistics; 509), Canberra: Australian National University, →DOI, →ISBN, →OCLC
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.