Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/tubah

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *tubah.

Noun

*tubah

Derris elliptica (a plant with roots that are pounded and put in rivers to stun fish)

Descendants

Philippine
- Batanic
  - Ibatan: toba
- Northern Luzon
  - Ilocano: túba
  - Cagayan Valley
    - Isnag: túba
  - Northeastern Luzon
    - Casiguran Dumagat Agta: tube
  - Meso-Cordilleran
    - Central Cordilleran
      - Kankanaey: tuba
      - Ifugao
        Batad Ifugao: tūba
        
        Tuwali Ifugao: tuba
    - Southern Cordilleran
      - Ibaloi: toba
      - Keley-I Kallahan: tuba
- Central Luzon
  - Sambalic
    - Abenlen Ayta: tobah
- Greater Central Philippine
  - Central Philippine
    - Tagalog: tubá
    - Bikol
      - Bikol Central: tuba
    - Mansakan
      - Mansaka: toba
    - Visayan
      - Aklanon: tuba
      - Cebuano: tuba
      - Romblomanon: tūba
  - Manobo
    - Binukid: tuba
    - Western Bukidnon Manobo: tuva
  - Palawanic
    - Central Palawano: tuba
  - Danao
    - Maranao: towa
    - Iranun: tua
  - Gorontalo–Mongondow
    - Mongondow: tuba
    - Kaidipang: tubo
- Kalamian
  - Agutaynen: toba
- Sangiric
  - Sangir: tuwa
- Minahasan
  - Tontemboan: tuwa
North Bornean
- Northeast Sabah
  - Ida'an: tubo
  - Bonggi: tuba
- Southwest sabah
  - Dusunic
    - Central Dusun: tubo
    - Rungus: tuvo
    - Tobilung: tubo
  - Murutic
    - Timugon Murut: tuwo
    - Burusu: tuwo
  - Paitanic
    - Tombonuo: tuwo
- North Sarawak
  - Bintulu: tuva
  - Berawan–Lower Baram
    - Kiput: tubih
    - Narom: tubeə̯h
    - Miri': tubek
  - Dayic
    - Kelabit: tubeh
    - Sa'ban: bbəh
    - Lun Bawang: tobeh
  - Kenyah
    - Bakung: tuba
    - Penan
      - Eastern Penan: tuvah
      - Western Penan: tuvah
- Central Sarawak
  - Melanau–Kajang
    - Melanau
      - Central Melanau: tuba
      - Kanowit: tuba
    - Kajang
      - Sekapan: tuva
      - Kajaman: tuvah
      - Lahanan: tuvah
  - Punan–Müller-Schwaner
    - Punan
      - Punan Tubu: tufoh
      - Punan Bah-Biau: tuvo
      - Punan Aput: tuvo
      - Ukit: tuve
      - Bukat: tuvi, tuve
    - Müller-Schwaner Punan
      - Hovongan: tuvo
      - Kereho: tuwo
      - Aoheng: tuvo
Basap–Barito
- Basap: tuba
- East Barito
  - Dusun Witu: tue
  - Ma'anyan: tuwe
- Mahakam
  - Tunjung: tuwaʔ
- West Barito
  - Ngaju: tuwe
  - Bakumpai: tuba
Kayanic
- Bahau: tufaʔ
- Busang Kayan: tuvaʔ
Land Dayak
- Benyadu-Bekati
  - Benyadu': tubaʔ
  - Bekati': tubaʔ
- Bidayuh
  - Bau Bidayuh: tuboh
  - Bukar-Sadung Bidayuh: tubuh
- Southern Land Dayak
  - Jangkang: tibuh
  - Ribun: tibuh
  - Sanggau: tuba
Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands
- Batak
  - Toba Batak: tuba
  - Karo Batak: tuba
- Simeulue: tufa
- Nias: tuwa
- Mentawai: tuba
Malayo-Sumbawan
- Malayic
  - Ibanic
    - Iban: tubai
    - Mualang: tuba
    - Seberuang: tuba
  - Malayan
    - Malay: tuba
      - Indonesian: tuba
      - → English: tuba
    - Minangkabau: tubo
  - Urak Lawoi': ตูบา (tuba)
- Bali–Sasak
  - Balinese: tuba
  - Sasak: tua
- Sundanese: tuwa
- Madurese: tobbhâ
Old Javanese: tuba
- Javanese: tuba
South Sulawesi
- Bugis-Tamanic
  - Buginese: tua
- Makassaric
  - Makasar: tua
- Northern
  - Toraja-Sa'dan: tua
- Seko
  - Seko Padang: tuha
Celebic
- Tomini–Tolitoli
  - Dampelas: tuba
- Kaili–Pamona
  - Pamona: tuwa
  - Lindu: tuwa
Central Malayo-Polynesian
- Bima: dua
- Sumba–Flores
  - Sumba–Hawu
    - Kambera: tuwa
  - Western Flores
    - Manggarai–Rembong
      - Manggarai: tuwa
      - Rembong: tuwa
    - Central Flores
      - Ngadha: tuva
- Central Maluku
  - Asilulu: tuha
  - Buru (Indonesia): tufa
- Timoric
  - Tetum: tuha
  - Leti (Indonesia): tuwa
Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
- Proto-Oceanic: *tupa

References

Blust, Robert & Stephen Trussell, Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *tubah.

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