< Reconstruction:Proto-Italic

Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/djous

This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Italic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws.[1]

Noun

*djous m

  1. day, sky
    Antonym: *nokts
  2. Jupiter

Declension

In the meaning "Jupiter", it was commonly reinforced with *patēr (“father”), giving *djous patēr. This was apparently particularly common in vocative address.

consonant stem, irregularDeclension of *djous (consonant stem, irregular)
case singular plural
nominative *djous *djowes
vocative *djou *djowes
accusative *djēm *djowens
genitive *djowes, -os *djowom
dative *djowei *djouβos
ablative *djowe? *djouβos
locative *djowe? *djouβos

Descendants
  • Old Latin: Diovis (old standalone form of Iovis (“Jove”) prior to conflation with nominatives from *djous patēr like Diēspiter (“Jupiter”) to form later Iuppiter, Iovis; also preserved in compound Vēdiovis (literally “Anti-Jove”)), diovos, diovei and other forms
    • Latin: diēs (nominative back-formed from accusative), Iovis (genitive), diūs (preserved in fossilised expressions mē-diūs-fidius (interjection) and nū-diūs-tertius (“day before yesterday”)), diū (possibly from the endingless variant of the locative), originally "during the day" (compare noctū) (see there for further descendants)
  • Oscan: 𐌃𐌉𐌞𐌅𐌄𐌝 (diúveí), 𐌉𐌞𐌅𐌄𐌝 (iúveí), 𐌉𐌖𐌅𐌄𐌝 (iuveí)
  • Picene: iuve
  • Umbrian: 𐌉𐌖𐌅𐌄 (iuve)

References
  1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “diēs”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 170
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