< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/caHyā́kaH

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From *caHyáH +‎ *-kaH.

Noun

*caHyā́kaH f[1][2][3][4][5][6]

  1. shade, shadow
  2. shelter, protection

Inflection
aH-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *caHyā́kaH *caHyā́kay *caHyā́kāh
vocative *caHyā́kay *caHyā́kay *caHyā́kāh
accusative *caHyā́kām *caHyā́kay *caHyā́kāh
instrumental *caHyā́kayaH *caHyā́kaHbyā *caHyā́kaHbiš
ablative *caHyā́kayaHh *caHyā́kaHbyā *caHyā́kaHbyah
dative *caHyā́kayaHy *caHyā́kaHbyā *caHyā́kaHbyah
genitive *caHyā́kayaHh *caHyā́kāyāh *caHyā́kaHnām
locative *caHyā́kayaH *caHyā́kāyaw *caHyā́kaHsu

Descendants
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Sogdo-Bactrian:
      • Khwarezmian: 𐾿𐾺𐾰𐾻 (syʾk)
      • Proto-Sogdic: *syā́kā[5]
        • Sogdian: (/⁠səyā́k⁠/)
          Manichaean script: 𐫘𐫏𐫀𐫐 (syʾk))
          Sogdian script: 𐼼𐼷𐼰𐼰𐼸 (syʾʾk), 𐼼𐼷𐼰𐼰𐼸𐼳 (syʾʾkh)
          Syriac script: [Syriac needed] (syʾq)
        • Yagnobi: сиёка (sⁱyṓka)
  • Southeastern Iranian:
    • Ormuri:
      Kaniguram: [script needed] (syā́kā)
      Logar: [script needed] (syåkā)
    • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: *syǣḱǣ
      • Proto-Munji-Yidgha:
        • Munji: [script needed] (sǟgo), [script needed] (sǟga)
        • Yidgha: [script needed] (säγo), [script needed] (saγo)
      • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *sᵊyǣḱ
        • Proto-Shughni-Roshani: *sᵊyȫǰ
          • Sarikoli: suyc
          • Shughni: сйе̂ҷ (syêǰ, “temple”), (Bartangi) сийоҷ (siyōǰ), сиоҷ (siōǰ)
        • Yazghulami: сайег (sayeg, “shadow”)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Baluchi: ساہگ (sāhig)
    • Kurdish:
      • Central Kurdish: سێبەر (sêber), سایه (sayh), سا (sa)
      • Northern Kurdish: sî, sê, sih, sêber, sîber
      • Southern Kurdish: سایه (saye)
    • Proto-Medo-Parthian: *sāyā́kā
      • Caspian:
        • Mazanderani: ساینه (sâyne), ساها (sāhā)
        • Gilaki: ساىه (sāya)
      • Old Median: *sāyā́kā
        • Kermanic: sōya (Mahallati), sūya (Qohrudi)
        • Proto-Tatic:
          • Old Tati:
            • Harzani: سو (söv)
            • Karingani: سوالین (suvālīn)
          • Talysh:
            Masali: [script needed] (sɔ)
      • Parthian: 𐫘𐫏𐫀𐫃 (syʾg /⁠sayāg⁠/)
      • Zazaki: sîye
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Old Persian: *θāyakā
      • Middle Persian: (/⁠sāyag⁠/)
        Manichaean script: 𐫘𐫀𐫏𐫃 (sʾyg)
        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (sʾdk')

References
  1. Schmitt, Rüdiger, editor (1989), Compendium Linguarum Iranicarum‎, Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 195: “sāyākā-”
  2. de Vaan, Michiel (2003) Beekes, R.S.P., Lubotsky, A., Weitenberg, J.J.S., editors, The Avestan Vowels (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 12), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 118: “OIr. *sāyā(ka) ‘shade’”
  3. Novák, Ľubomír (2013) Problem of Archaism and Innovation in the Eastern Iranian Languages (PhD dissertation)‎, Prague: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, filozofická fakulta, page 106: “*aʦā̆i̯ā-kā-”
  4. Kim, Ronald (2003) “On the historical phonology of Ossetic: the origin of the oblique case suffix”, in Journal of the American Oriental Society‎, volume 123, number 1, →DOI, page 53: “*sāyākā- ← PIr. *sāyā”
  5. Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2016) Einführung ins Ostmitteliranische [Introduction to East-Central Iranian]‎ (in German), Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, page 19: “*sāyākā-”
  6. Efimov, Valentin Aleksandrovič (2011) The Ormuri Language in Past and Present (FLI Language and Culture Series)‎, volume 6, Islamabad: Forum for Language Initiatives, page 299: “< Ir. *sāyā́ fem. + (> *sā́yāka with metathesis of *y)”
  7. The template Template:R:wbl:ESVJa does not use the parameter(s): 
    2=314
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.    Steblin-Kamenskij, I.M. (1999) “soyá”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ vaxanskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Wakhi Language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Peterburgskoje Vostokovedenije, →ISBN
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