< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/pr̥šćáti

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pr̥sḱéti.

Verb

*pr̥šćáti[1][2]

  1. to ask

Inflection
    Nonfinite forms of *pr̥šćáti
Infinitive *práštum
Gerund *pr̥štwáH
Past passive participle *pr̥štás
Future passive participle *pŕ̥šćyas
    Present forms of *pr̥šćáti
Active Middle Passive
Singular Dual Plural Singular Dual Plural Singular Dual Plural
Indicative
1st *pr̥šćáHmi *pr̥šćáHwas *pr̥šćáHmas *pr̥šćáy *pr̥šćáHwadʰHay *pr̥šćáHmadʰHay *pr̥šćyáy *pr̥šćyáHwadʰHay *pr̥šćyáHmadʰHay
2nd *pr̥šćási *pr̥šćátʰas *pr̥šćátʰa *pr̥šćásay *pr̥šćáytʰay *pr̥šćádʰway *pr̥šćyásay *pr̥šćyáytʰay *pr̥šćyádʰway
3rd *pr̥šćáti *pr̥šćátas *pr̥šćánti *pr̥šćátay *pr̥šćáytay *pr̥šćántay *pr̥šćyátay *pr̥šćyáytay *pr̥šćyántay
Imperative
1st *pr̥šćáHni *pr̥šćáHwa *pr̥šćáHma *pr̥šćáHy *pr̥šćáHwadʰHaHy *pr̥šćáHmadʰHaHy *pr̥šćyáHy *pr̥šćyáHwadʰHaHy *pr̥šćyáHmadʰHaHy
2nd *pr̥šćá *pr̥šćátam *pr̥šćáta *pr̥šćáswa *pr̥šćáytʰām *pr̥šćádʰwam *pr̥šćyáswa *pr̥šćyáytʰām *pr̥šćyádʰwam
3rd *pr̥šćátu *pr̥šćátām *pr̥šćántu *pr̥šćátām *pr̥šćáytām *pr̥šćántam *pr̥šćyátām *pr̥šćyáytām *pr̥šćyántam
Optative
1st *pr̥šćáyHam *pr̥šćáywa *pr̥šćáymas *pr̥šćáyHa *pr̥šćáywadʰHi *pr̥šćáymadʰHi *pr̥šćyáyHa *pr̥šćyáywadʰHi *pr̥šćyáymadʰHi
2nd *pr̥šćáys *pr̥šćáytam *pr̥šćáyta *pr̥šćáytʰās *pr̥šćáyHātʰām *pr̥šćáydʰwam *pr̥šćyáytʰās *pr̥šćyáyHātʰām *pr̥šćyáydʰwam
3rd *pr̥šćáyt *pr̥šćáytām *pr̥šćáyHunt *pr̥šćáyta *pr̥šćáyHātām *pr̥šćáyrant *pr̥šćyáyta *pr̥šćyáyHātām *pr̥šćyáyrant
Participles *pr̥šćánt *pr̥šćámHnas *pr̥šćyámHnas
    Imperfect forms of *pr̥šćáti
Active Middle Passive
Singular Dual Plural Singular Dual Plural Singular Dual Plural
Indicative
1st *apr̥šćám *apr̥šćáHwa *apr̥šćáHma *apr̥šćáy *apr̥šćáHwadʰHi *apr̥šćáHmadʰHi *apr̥ščyáy *apr̥šćyáHwadʰHi *apr̥šćyáHmadʰHi
2nd *apr̥šćás *apr̥šćátam *apr̥šćáta *apr̥šćátʰās *apr̥šćáytʰām *apr̥šćádʰwam *apr̥šćyátʰās *apr̥šćyáytʰām *apr̥šćyádʰwam
3rd *apr̥šćát *apr̥šćátām *apr̥šćánt *apr̥šćáta *apr̥šćáytām *apr̥šćánta *apr̥šćyáta *apr̥šćyáytām *apr̥šćyánta

Descendants
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pr̥ćśáti[1]
  • Proto-Iranian: *pr̥sáti[3][1]
    • Avestan: 𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬯𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (pərəsaiti), 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬁 (fraštā, aor.inj.med.)
    • Khotanese: [script needed] (puls-)
    • Kurdish:
      Northern Kurdish: pirsîn
    • Parthian: (/⁠pursēd⁠/)
      Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫇𐫡𐫘𐫏𐫅 (pwrsyd)
    • Old Persian: 𐎱𐎼𐎿𐎠𐎷𐎹 (p-r-s-a-mi-y /⁠pạrsāmiy⁠/, “to ask, punish”, 1sg.pres.act.)
      • Middle Persian: (/⁠pursēd⁠/)
        Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫇𐫡𐫘𐫏𐫅 (pwrsyd)
        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (pwrsyt)
    • Sogdo-Bactrian:
      • Bactrian: πορσοδο (porsodo)
      • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (mš-), [script needed] (bš-)
      • Sogdian:
        Old Sogdian script: [Old Sogdian needed] (ʾprsty)

References
  1. Lipp, Reiner (2009) Die indogermanischen und einzelsprachlichen Palatale im Indoiranischen: Neurekonstruktion, Nuristan-Sprachen, Genese der indoarischen Retroflexe, Indoarisch von Mitanni (Indogermanische Bibliothek; 3) (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Winter, page 176: “*pr̥ščá-”
  2. The template Template:R:hi:Misra does not use the parameter(s): 
    passage=prsčati
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.    Misra, Bal Govind (1967) Historical Phonology of Modern Standard Hindi: Proto-Indo-European to the Present, Cornell University, page 54
  3. Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*fras/prs”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 88
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