< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tr̥h₂és

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *terh₂- (“to cross over, pass through”).

Adverb

*tr̥h₂és[1][2]

  1. through

Alternative reconstructions
  • *tr̥h₂-ó-s[3]

Derived terms
  • *térh₂-kʷe, *tr̥h₂-kʷé[1][4][5]
    • Proto-Germanic: *þerhw, *þurhw (“through”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *tr̥h₂-m̥-s-kʷé (or < *tr̥h₂-es-kʷe,[4] or *tr̥h₂-os-h₃kʷe)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tr̥HaćčáH (< *tr̥h₂m̥skʷé-h₁) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Italic: *trānskwe
      • >? Latin: trānsque
  • *tr̥h₂-m̥-s[3] (or *tŕ̥h₂-n̥t-s[6][7])
    • >? Proto-Celtic: *trāns (see there for further descendants)
    • >? Proto-Italic: *trāns (see there for further descendants)
  • *tr̥h₂-éy
    • >? Proto-Celtic: *trē (see there for further descendants)

Descendants
  • Proto-Celtic: *taras (“through”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tr̥Hás (“through”) (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “5. ter-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 1075-1076: “*tₔres; *tₔri; *ter-k(u̯)e, *tr̥-k(u̯)e”
  2. Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “tirás”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 646
  3. Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 95: “*tr̥Hm̥s; *tr̥Hós”
  4. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*þerhwe ~ *þurhwe”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 538-539
  5. Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “terh₂-”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 4: “*terh₂-kʷe ~ tr̥h₂-kʷe; *tr̥h₂és”
  6. Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, page 138: “*trānts; *trānss”
  7. Malzahn, Melanie (2016) “Tudáti-presents and the tēzzi Principle”, in Sahasram Ati Srajas. Indo-Iranian and Indo-European Studies in Honor of Stephanie W. Jamison‎, Ann Arbor, New York: Beech Stave Press, page 227: “*tr̥h₂-(o)nt-”
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