< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷyeh₁-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*kʷyeh₁-[1][2][3]

  1. to rest
  2. rest, peace

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷyeh₁-‎ (11 c, 0 e)
  • *kʷyeh₁- (root aorist)
    • Proto-Italic:
  • *kʷih₁-yé-ti (yé-present)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Proto-Slavic: *po-čiti (see there for further descendants)
  • *kʷyeh₁-sḱe- (innovated full-grade sḱe-present)
    • Proto-Italic: *kʷjēskō
      • Latin: quiēscō (see there for further descendants)
  • *kʷyéh₁-ti-s ~ *kʷih₁-téy-s
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *čyáHtiš[4]
      • Proto-Iranian: *šyáHtih (“happiness”)
        • Avestan: 𐬱𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬌 (šāiti)
        • Old Persian: 𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎶 (š-i-y-a-t-i-m /⁠šiyātim⁠/, acc.sg.), 𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎠 (š-i-y-a-t-i-y-a /⁠šiyātiyā⁠/, inst.sg.)
    • Proto-Italic: *kʷjētis
      • Latin: quiēs (see there for further descendants)
  • *kʷyeh₁-to-s
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *čyaHtas[5]
      • Proto-Iranian: *šyaHtas (“happy”)
        • Avestan: 𐬱𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬙𐬀- (šiiāta-)
        • Old Persian: 𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎫 (š-i-y-a-t /⁠šiyāta⁠/)
          • ⇒ Middle Persian: [script needed] (šʾt' /⁠šād⁠/)
        • → Aghwan: 𐕐𐔰𐔳 (šad)
        • → Old Armenian: շատ (šat)
    • Proto-Italic: *kʷjētos
      • Latin: quiētus (see there for further descendants)
  • *kʷih₁-l-ós
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *čirás
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ćirás
        • >? Sanskrit: चिर (cirá) (unexpected short -i-) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Italic: *(trāns)kʷīlos
  • *kʷih₁-tl-éh₂[7]
    • Proto-Albanian: *čilā-
    • Proto-Germanic: *hwīlō (see there for further descendants)
      • ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *hwīlāną (see there for further descendants)
  • *kʷoyh₁-o- (with metathesis in the root)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Proto-Slavic: *po-kojь (see there for further descendants)
  • *sm̥-kʷih₁-[8][9]
    • Armenian:
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *samčiH-
      • Proto-Iranian: *hamšiH-
        • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (hncy-, “to rest, repose”)
        • Ossetian: ӕнцад (æncad, “quiet, tranquil”)
        • Sogdian: [script needed] (ʾncʾy, “to stay, remain”)

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
  2. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
  3. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 393–394
  4. Brandenstein, Wilhelm, Mayrhofer, Manfred (1964) “šiyāti-”, in Handbuch des Altpersischen (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 143
  5. Brandenstein, Wilhelm, Mayrhofer, Manfred (1964) “šiyāta-”, in Handbuch des Altpersischen (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 143
  6. Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 638
  7. Kroonen, Guus (2017) “The development of the Proto-Indo-European instrumental suffix in Germanic”, in Indogermanische Forschungen‎, volume 122, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 105-110
  8. Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 388–389
  9. Čong (Cheung), Dž. (2009) T. K. Salbijeva, transl., Očerki istoričeskovo razvitija osetinskovo vokalizma [Studies in the Historical Development of the Ossetic Vocalism] (in Russian), Vladikavkaz: Izdatelʹsko-poligrafičeskoje predprijatije im. V. Gassijeva, →ISBN, page 223
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