< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/káput

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *kap- (“head”), possibly of substrate origin, or perhaps related to *kap- (“seize, hold”), + rare suffix *-ut.[1][2]

Noun

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*káput[3][2][4][5] ~ *kap-wét-s[6][7]

  1. head

Inflection
Athematic, proterokinetic
singular
nominative *káput
genitive *kapwéts
singular dual plural
nominative *káput — —
vocative *káput — —
accusative *káput — —
genitive *kapwéts — —
ablative *kapwéts — —
dative *kapwétey — —
locative *kapwét, *kapwéti — —
instrumental *kapwéth₁ — —

Descendants
  • Proto-Germanic: *hafudą ~ *haubeþaz (“head”) (metathesized < *habweþaz)[6] (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Italic: *kaput[8] (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (1996) “Ancient European Loanwords”, in Historische Sprachforschung, volume 109, § 2. Lat. caput etc., page 218-20 of 215–236
  2. The template Template:R:Schrijver:1997 does not use the parameter(s): 
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    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.    Schrijver, Peter (1997) “Animal, vegetable and mineral: some Western European substratum words”, in Lubotsky, A., editor, Sound Law and Analogy‎, Amsterdam/Atlanta, pages 293–316
  3. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “kap-ut”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 529-530
  4. Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 100-101
  5. Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 270
  6. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*ha(u)beda- ~ *ha(u)buda-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 215
  7. Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Haupt”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN
  8. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “caput, -itis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 91
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