< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂élis-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative forms
  • *h₂éls-

Etymology

Likely a substrate term,[1][2] especially given the irregular variations in the Balto-Slavic anlaut[3][4] and in the suffix.[5][6] Note the complementary distribution with synonymous *wern-, which might therefore have been the native PIE term.

Noun

*h₂élis- f[7]

  1. alder
    Synonym: *wern-

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms
  • *h₂élis-eh₂[6]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ališāˀ, *elišāˀ[3]
    • Proto-Germanic: *alizō[6] (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Hellenic:
  • *h₂él(i)s-nos
    • >? Hittite: 𒄑𒀀𒆷𒀭𒍝 (GIŠa-la-an-za /⁠alanza(n)⁠/)[8] (if meaning “alder”)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *als(i)nis, *els(i)nis[3]
    • Proto-Italic: *alsnos[5]
      • Latin: alnus (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 40
  2. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἄλιζα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 67–68
  3. Derksen, Rick (2015) “alksnis”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 50–51
  4. Matasović, Ranko (2013) “Substratum words in Balto-Slavic”, in Filologija, volume 60, Zagreb, published 2014, page 83 of 75–102: “PSl. *olьxa ‘alder’ […]”
  5. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “alnus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 34–35: “*alsno-”
  6. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*alis/z-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 22
  7. Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 158: “*hₐéliso-”
  8. Puhvel, Jaan (1984) Hittite Etymological Dictionary (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 1), volume I, Berlin, New York, Amsterdam: Mouton, pages 29–30
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