< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁esh₂ós

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Noun

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*h₁esh₂ós m

  1. master

Declension
Thematic
singular
nominative *h₁esh₂ós
genitive *h₁esh₂ósyo
singular dual plural
nominative *h₁esh₂ós *h₁esh₂óh₁ *h₁esh₂óes
vocative *h₁esh₂é *h₁esh₂óh₁ *h₁esh₂óes
accusative *h₁esh₂óm *h₁esh₂óh₁ *h₁esh₂óms
genitive *h₁esh₂ósyo *? *h₁esh₂óHom
ablative *h₁esh₂éad *? *h₁esh₂ómos
dative *h₁esh₂óey *? *h₁esh₂ómos
locative *h₁esh₂éy, *h₁esh₂óy *? *h₁esh₂óysu
instrumental *h₁esh₂óh₁ *? *h₁esh₂ṓys

Descendants
  • Anatolian:
    • Hittite: 𒅖𒄩𒀀𒀸 (išḫāš, “master”)[1]
    • Lydian: 𐤦𐤮𐤠𐤮 (isas, “lord, master, noble”)[1][2]
  • Celtic: (possibly)
    • Gaulish: Esus, Aesus (“Esus, a Gaulish deity”)
  • Proto-Italic: *ezos[3] (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “išḫā-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 390
  2. Kearns, J.M. (1997) “A Lydian Etymology for the Name of Croesus”, in Disterheft, Dorothy, Huld, Martin E., Greppin, John A.C., Polomé, Edgar C., editors, Studies in Honor of Jaan Puhvel-Part One: Ancient Languages and Philology, Washington D.C.: Institute for the Study of Man, →ISBN, pages 23-28
  3. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “erus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 194–195
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