< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁ólos

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Noun

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*h₁ólos m[1][2][3]

  1. awl

Inflection
Thematic
singular
nominative *h₁ólos
genitive *h₁ólosyo
singular dual plural
nominative *h₁ólos *h₁óloh₁ *h₁óloes
vocative *h₁óle *h₁óloh₁ *h₁óloes
accusative *h₁ólom *h₁óloh₁ *h₁óloms
genitive *h₁ólosyo *? *h₁óloHom
ablative *h₁ólead *? *h₁ólomos
dative *h₁óloey *? *h₁ólomos
locative *h₁óley, *h₁óloy *? *h₁óloysu
instrumental *h₁óloh₁ *? *h₁ólōys

Descendants
  • Proto-Germanic: *alaz[3] (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hā́raH f (< *h₁ól-eh₂)
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hā́raH[2]
      • Sanskrit: आरा (ā́rā)[4] (see there for further descendants)
    • >? Proto-Nuristani:
      • Northern Nuristani:
        • Kamkata-viri:
          Kamviri: ařë́
          Kativiri: vóř
      • Southern Nuristani:
        • Ashkun: ák
        • Waigali: aẓ
    • → Proto-Finno-Ugric: *ora[2][5] (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 19: “*hₓólehₐ- 'awl'”
  2. Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001) “ā́rā-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 173: “*(H)óleh₂- f. (bzw. *(H)ólo- m.)”
  3. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*ala(n)-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 19: “*h₁oh₁-ló-”
  4. Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “āˊrā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press.
  5. The template Template:R:iir:Lubotsky:1999 does not use the parameter(s): 
    head=ora
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