< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁élem

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Noun

*h₁élem[1][2]

  1. mountain elm

Alternative reconstructions
  • *h₁élōm ~ *h₁elmos, *h₁l̥mós[1]
  • *h₁élm̥ ~ *h₁l̥mós[1][3]
  • *h₁leyōm ~ *h₁limos[4]

Descendants
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *elemas
    • Proto-Slavic: *jьlьmъ (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Celtic: *limos (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Germanic: *elmaz (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Italic: *olmos
    • Latin: ulmus (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*h₁élem ~ *h₁(e)lmos”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 178
  2. Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 160
  3. Kroonen, Guus (2011) “*elm, *ulmaz”, in The Proto-Germanic n-stems: A study in diachronic morphophonology, Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 155–157: “*(h₁)él-m, *h₁l-m-ós”
  4. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*lēmo-, *limo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 237
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