< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰrem-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*bʰrem-[1][2][3]

  1. to make noise

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰrem-‎ (10 c, 0 e)
  • *bʰrém-e-ti (thematic root present)[4][5][6][7]
    • Proto-Celtic: *bremeti
    • Proto-Germanic: *bremaną (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Germanic: *brummōną (see there for further descendants)
    • >? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰrámati (unless =*bʰrámHati; the root is uncertain[8])
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰrámati
      • Proto-Iranian: *brámati
        • Parthian: 𐫁𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫖 (brmʾm, 1sg.pres.ind.), 𐫁𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫖 (brmʾm, 1pl.pres.ind.), 𐫁𐫡𐫖𐫏𐫗𐫅 (brmynd, 3pl.pres.ind.)
        • Middle Persian: [script needed] (blʾmynd /⁠brāmēnd⁠/, 3sg.pres.ind.)
    • Proto-Italic: *fremō
  • *bʰr̥m-éh₁ye-ti
    • Balto-Slavic:
      • Proto-Slavic: *brьměti
  • *bʰrém-ti-s ~ *bʰrm̥-téy-s
  • *bʰrōm-is
  • *bʰrem-onts
    • >? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰramants (or *bʰrámHants; cf. *bʰrám(H)ati above)
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰramants
        • Sanskrit: भ्रमत् (bhramat, wandering about, roaming)[9]
  • *bʰŕ̥m-gos
    • >? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰŕ̥ngas
      • >? Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰŕ̥ngas
        • Sanskrit: भृङ्ग (bhṛ́ṅga, a species of large black bee, the humble bee)[9]

References

  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “*bherem-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 142-143
  2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*bʰrem-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 94
  3. Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
  4. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*brem-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 76
  5. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*breman- ~ *brimman-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 75
  6. Cheung, Johnny (2007) “bram”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 24-25
  7. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “fremō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 241
  8. Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*bramH ?”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 25
  9. Monier Williams (1899) “Proto-Indo-European/bʰrem-”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 769/3.
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