< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skuldiz
Proto-Germanic
Alternative forms
- *skulþiz
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈskul.diz/
Etymology 1
From Proto-Indo-European *skéltis, from Proto-Indo-European *skel- (“to be obliged, be beholden to, owe, be guilty”), equivalent to Proto-Germanic *skulaną (“to be obligated, owe”) + *-þiz. Cognate with Lithuanian kaltė (“guilt”).
Inflection
i-stemDeclension of *skuldiz (i-stem) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | *skuldiz | *skuldīz | |
vocative | *skuldi | *skuldīz | |
accusative | *skuldį | *skuldinz | |
genitive | *skuldīz | *skuldijǫ̂ | |
dative | *skuldī | *skuldimaz | |
instrumental | *skuldī | *skuldimiz |
Synonyms
- *skuldaz
Derived terms
- *skuldīgaz
- *skuldigōną
- *skuldōną
Descendants
Etymology 2
Derived from *skulaną (“to owe”).
Inflection
Declension of *skuldiz (i-stem)
strong declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural | |
nominative | *skuldiz | *skuldijai | *skuldī | *skuldijôz | *skuldį, *-jatō | *skuldijō |
accusative | *skuldijanǭ | *skuldijanz | *skuldijǭ | *skuldijōz | *skuldį, *-jatō | *skuldijō |
genitive | *skuldijas, *skuldīs | *skuldijaizǫ̂ | *skuldijaizōz | *skuldijaizǫ̂ | *skuldijas, *skuldīs | *skuldijaizǫ̂ |
dative | *skuldijammai | *skuldijaimaz | *skuldijaizōi | *skuldijaimaz | *skuldijammai | *skuldijaimaz |
instrumental | *skuldijanō | *skuldijaimiz | *skuldijaizō | *skuldijaimiz | *skuldijanō | *skuldijaimiz |
weak declension | ||||||
masculine | feminine | neuter | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural | |
nominative | *skuldijô | *skuldijaniz | *skuldijǭ | *skuldijōniz | *skuldijô | *skuldijōnō |
accusative | *skuldijanų | *skuldijanunz | *skuldijōnų | *skuldijōnunz | *skuldijô | *skuldijōnō |
genitive | *skuldīniz | *skuldijanǫ̂ | *skuldijōniz | *skuldijōnǫ̂ | *skuldīniz | *skuldijanǫ̂ |
dative | *skuldīni | *skuldijammaz | *skuldijōni | *skuldijōmaz | *skuldīni | *skuldijammaz |
instrumental | *skuldīnē | *skuldijammiz | *skuldijōnē | *skuldijōmiz | *skuldīnē | *skuldijammiz |
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