Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwelpaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Perhaps from *hwelpaną (“to yelp; bark”), maybe from Proto-Indo-European *kel- (“to call; shout; cry; make a noise”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxwel.pɑz/

Noun

*hwelpaz m

puppy
used also of other baby animals: cub, pup

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *hwelpaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*hwelpaz	hwelpōz, hwelpōs
vocative	*hwelp	hwelpōz, hwelpōs
accusative	*hwelpą	*hwelpanz
genitive	hwelpas, hwilpis	*hwelpǫ̂
dative	*hwilpai	*hwelpamaz
instrumental	*hwelpō	*hwelpamiz

Related terms

*hwelaną
*hwellaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *hwelp
- Old English: hwelp
  - Middle English: whelp
    - Scots: whalp, whaulp
    - English: whelp
- Old Frisian: *hwelp
  - West Frisian: welp
- Old Saxon: hwelp
  - Middle Low German: welp, welpe
    - German Low German: Welpe
      - → German: Welpe, Welp
- Old Dutch: welp
  - Middle Dutch: welp
    - Dutch: welp
- Old High German: hwelf, welpf, welph, welf
  - Middle High German: wëlp, wëlf
    - German: Welf
Old Norse: hvelpr
- Icelandic: hvolpur
- Faroese: hvølpur
- Norwegian Nynorsk: kvelp, kvalp; (dialectal) kvølp, kvolp
- Elfdalian: wep
- Old Swedish: hvælper, hvalper
  - Swedish: valp
- Danish: hvalp
  - Norwegian Bokmål: valp, hvalp
    - → Norwegian Nynorsk: valp (defunct)
→ Proto-Samic: *vielppēs
- Northern Sami: vielppis

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