< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/heruz
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *ḱérus or *ḱérh₂us (“pointed stick, arrow, spear, sword”) from the root *ḱerh₂- (“head; horn”), cognate with Sanskrit शरु (śáru, “missile, dart, arrow”),[1] or from *(s)ker- (“to cut”).[2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈxe.ruz/
Inflection
| u-stemDeclension of *heruz (u-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | *heruz | *hiriwiz | |
| vocative | *heru | *hiriwiz | |
| accusative | *herų | *herunz | |
| genitive | *herauz | *hiriwǫ̂ | |
| dative | *hiriwi | *herumaz | |
| instrumental | *herū | *herumiz | |
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *heru
- Old English: heoru
- Old Saxon: *heru (in compounds)
- ⇒ Old Saxon: heruband
- ⇒ Old Saxon: herudrōrag (adjective)
- ⇒ Old Saxon: herugrimm, herugrim (adjective)
- ⇒ Old Saxon: herusēl
- ⇒ Old Saxon: heruthrumm, heruthrum
- Proto-Norse: *ᚺᛖᚱᚢᛉ (*heruʀ)
- ⇒ Proto-Norse: ᚺᛋᛖᚱᚢᚹᚢᛚᚨᚠᛁᛉ (hAeruwulafiz /Hearuwulᵃfīʀ/)
- Old Norse: hjǫrr
- Icelandic: hjör
- Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃 (hairus)
References
- Holthausen, Ferdinand (2012) “hairu-s”, in Gotisches etymologisches Wörterbuch: Mit Einschluß der Eigennamen und der gotischen Lehnwörter im Romanischen [Gothic Etymological Dictionary: Including Proper Names and Gothic Loanwords in Romance Languages] (Germanische Bibliothek 4; 8) (in German), 2 edition, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, page 42
- Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986) “H19. hairus”, in A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the 3rd ed. of Feist’s dictionary, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 171
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