Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hammō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*hamō

Etymology

Uncertain. Perhaps from earlier *hanmō, from Proto-Indo-European *kónh₂méh₂-, from Proto-Indo-European *kónh₂m (“leg”), and thus cognate with Old Irish cnáim (“bone”) and Ancient Greek κνήμη (knḗmē, “tibia”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxɑm.mɔː/

Noun

*hammō f

shinbone
the hollow of the knee
ham

Inflection

ō-stemDeclension of *hammō (ō-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*hammō	*hammôz
vocative	*hammō	*hammôz
accusative	*hammǭ	*hammōz
genitive	*hammōz	*hammǫ̂
dative	*hammōi	*hammōmaz
instrumental	*hammō	*hammōmiz

Descendants

Old English: hamm, ham, hom
- Middle English: hamme
  - English: ham
  - Scots: hamb, ham
Old Saxon: *hama, *hamma
- Middle Low German: ham, hame, hamme, amme
Old Dutch: *hama, *hamma
- Middle Dutch: hame, hamme
  - Dutch: ham
Old High German: hama, hamma
- Middle High German: hamme
  - Alemannic German: Hamme
  - German: Hamme
  - Luxembourgish: Ham
Old Norse: hǫm
- Icelandic: höm
- Norwegian Bokmål: homme
- Swedish: hamboge
- Danish: hambugt

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 207

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