Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/glasą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel-, *ǵʰel- (“to shine, shimmer, glow”). Probably related to *glōaną.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɣlɑ.sɑ̃/

Noun

*glasą n

amber, glass

Inflection

The plural has the voiced Verner alternant, from an old Indo-European collective noun.

neuter a-stemDeclension of *glasą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*glasą	*glazō
vocative	*glasą	*glazō
accusative	*glasą	*glazō
genitive	glasas, glasis	*glazǫ̂
dative	*glasai	*glazamaz
instrumental	*glasō	*glazamiz

Alternative reconstrucions

*glazą

Related terms

*glēzāną (“to shine, glare”)
*glēzô

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *glas, *glaʀ
- Old English: glæs, glær
  - Middle English: glas, glace, glasce, glass, glasse
    - English: glass (see there for further descendants)
    - Scots: gless, glass
- Old Frisian: gles
  - Saterland Frisian: Glääs
  - West Frisian: glês
- Old Saxon: glas, glar
  - Middle Low German: glas, glār
    - German Low German: Glas
    - Plautdietsch: Glauss
    - → Old Norse: *glas
      - Faroese: glas
      - Norwegian: glass, glas
      - Old Swedish: glas
        Swedish: glas
      - Old Danish: glas
        Danish: glas
        → Icelandic: glas
      - → Finnish: lasi (see there for further descendants)
      - ⇒ Old Norse: glaskeri
- Old Dutch: glas
  - Middle Dutch: glas
    - Dutch: glas
      - Afrikaans: glas
      - Berbice Creole Dutch: glasi
      - Negerhollands: glas
      - → Caribbean Hindustani: gilás
      - → Caribbean Javanese: gelas
      - → Indonesian: gelas
      - → Japanese: ガラス (garasu)
      - → Papiamentu: glas
      - → Sranan Tongo: grasi
        → Kari'na: kalasi (or directly)
    - Limburgish: glaas
- Old High German: glas, clas; clases (“amber”)
  - Middle High German: glas
    - Alemannic German: Glas, Glaas
    - Bavarian:
      Cimbrian: glas
      Mòcheno: glos
    - Central Franconian: Jlas
      Hunsrik: Glaas
    - German: Glas
    - Luxembourgish: Glas
    - Pennsylvania German: Glaas
    - Vilamovian: głoos
    - Yiddish: גלאָז (gloz)
Old Norse: gler (< leveled *glazą)
- Icelandic: gler, glær
- Faroese: gler
- Old Swedish: glar
- Old Danish: gler, glar, glaar
  - Danish: glar

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