Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ahslō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱs- (“axis”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɑx.slɔː/

Noun

*ahslō f[1]

shoulder

Inflection

ō-stemDeclension of *ahslō (ō-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*ahslō	*ahslôz
vocative	*ahslō	*ahslôz
accusative	*ahslǭ	*ahslōz
genitive	*ahslōz	*ahslǫ̂
dative	*ahslōi	*ahslōmaz
instrumental	*ahslō	*ahslōmiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *ahslu
- Old English: eaxl, eaxel, esl
  - Middle English: axel, axle, eaxle, æxle, exle
    - English: axle (obsolete)
    - Scots: aixle, exle
- Old Frisian: axle, axele
  - Saterland Frisian: ascle
  - →? Middle Dutch: ocsele (see lemma)
    - Dutch: oksel
- Old Dutch: *assala
  - Middle Dutch: assele
    - Dutch: assel
- Old High German: ahsala
  - Middle High German: ahsel
    - Cimbrian: aksela, aksala, aksl, aksel
    - German: Achsel
    - Vilamovian: aochsuł
    - Yiddish: אַקסל (aksl)
Old Norse: ǫxl
- Icelandic: öxl
- Faroese: øksl
- Norn: akkel
- Old Swedish: axl
  - Swedish: axel
    - → Elfdalian: aksel
- Old Danish: axæl
  - Danish: aksel
- Norwegian: aksel
- Elfdalian: aksul
- Gutnish: axl
- Scanian: áğsel

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*ahslō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 6

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[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*ahslō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 6