< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/joopudak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Inflection
Inflection of *joopudak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *joobun | *joobuin | — | *joopugon |
| 2nd sing. | *joobut | *joobuit | *joobuk | *joopugos |
| 3rd sing. | *joopubi *joopu |
*joopui | *joopugasën | *joopugosën |
| 1st plur. | *joobukmëk *joobukmak |
*joopuimëk *joopuimak |
*joopugatëmëk *joopugatamak |
*joopugotëmëk *joopugotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *joobuktëk *joobuktak |
*joopuidëk *joopuidak |
*joopugatë *joopugata |
*joopugot'ëk *joopugotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *joopubat *joopu |
*joopui | *joopugasën | *joopugosën |
| passive | *joobuksën *joobut'aksën |
*joopudisën *joobuttisën |
*joopudakahën *joobuttakahën |
*joopudakohën *joobuttakohën |
| connegative | *joobuk | — | *joopugak | *joopugok |
| passive connegative | *joobuktak | — | *joopudagak *joobuttagak |
*joopudagok *joobuttagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *joobukcin | *joopuicin | *joopunën | |
| 2nd sing. | *joobukcit | *joopuicit | *joopunët | |
| 3rd sing. | *joobukci | *joopuici | *joopuni | |
| 1st plur. | *joobukcimëk *joobukcimak |
*joopuicimëk *joopuicimak |
*joopunëmëk *joopunëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *joobukcidëk *joobukcidak |
*joopuicidëk *joopuicidak |
*joopunëdëk *joopunëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *joobukci | *joopuici | *joopuni | |
| passive | *joopudakcihën *joobut'akcihën |
*joopudicihën *joobutticihën |
*joopudanëhën *joobuttanëhën | |
| connegative | *joobukcik | *joopuicik | *joopunëk | |
| passive connegative | *joopudakcik *joobut'akcik |
*joopudicik *joobutticik |
*joopudanëk *joobuttanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *joopudak | present | *joopuba | *joopudapa *joobuttapa |
| infinitive 2 | *joopudë- | past | *joopunut | *joopudu *joobuttu |
| gerund/supine | *joopuma | |||
| action noun | *joopuminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: joobuma/joobuda
- Finnish: juopua
- Ingrian: joopua
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: juopuo
- South Karelian: juobuo
- Livonian: jūobõ
- Livvi: juobuo
- Ludian: d'uobuda
- Võro: juubuma/juubudaq
- Votic: (Jõgõperä) joopua
Further reading
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