< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic

Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/helmi

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Unknown. Possibly a substrate loan from the pre-Finnic languages of the Baltic.

Noun

*helmi

  1. pearl
  2. amber
  3. drop

Inflection
Inflection of *helmi
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *helmi *helmet
accusative *helmen *helmet
genitive *helmen *helmeden
*helmiden
partitive *helmedä *helmidä
inessive *helmessä
*helmehnä		 *helmissä
*helmihnä
elative *helmestä *helmistä
illative *helmehen *helmihen
adessive *helmellä *helmillä
ablative *helmeltä *helmiltä
allative *helmelen
*helmelek		 *helmilen
*helmilek
essive *helmenä *helminä
translative *helmeksi *helmiksi
instructive *helmen *helmin
comitative *helmenek *helminek
abessive *helmettä *helmittä

Synonyms

Descendants
  • Estonian: helmes
  • Finnish: helmi
  • Ingrian: helmi
  • Karelian: helmi
  • Livonian: eļm, ēļmaz
  • Livvi: helmi
  • Ludian: hölmü
  • Veps: hel'm
  • Võro: helm'
  • Votic: elmi
  • → Northern Sami: helbmu

References
  • “helmes”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
  • Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
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