Reconstruction:Proto-Dravidian/yĀ-

This Proto-Dravidian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Dravidian

Alternative forms

*yAH, *yĀH

Determiner

*yĀ-

which (interrogative root)

Descendants

Malayalam: എ- (e-), ഏ- (ē-), ആ- (ā-), -ആ (-ā)
Tamil: எ- (e-), ஏ- (ē-), ய- (ya-), யா- (yā-), -ஆ (-ā)

Derived terms

*ya-tu
- Tamil: எது (etu)
*ya-wanṯu
- Tamil: எவன் (evaṉ)
- Malayalam: എവൻ (evaṉ), ഏവൻ (ēvaṉ)
*ya-waḷ
- Tamil: எவள் (evaḷ)
- Malayalam: എവൾ (evaḷ), ഏവൾ (ēvaḷ)
*ya-war
- Tamil: எவர் (evar)
- Malayalam: എവർ (evaṟ), ഏവർ (ēvaṟ)
- Telugu: ఎవరు (evaru)
*yĀ-tu
- Tamil: ஏது (ētu), யாது (yātu)
- Malayalam: ഏത് (ētŭ)
*yĀ-wanṯu
- Tamil: யாவன் (yāvaṉ)
- Kannada: ಯಾವನು (yāvanu)
*yĀ-waḷ
- Tamil: யாவள் (yāvaḷ)
- Kannada: ಯಾವಳು (yāvaḷu)
*yĀ-war
- Tamil: யாவர் (yāvar)
- Kannada: ಯಾವರು (yāvaru)
*yĀ-r
- Tamil: யார் (yār), ஆர் (ār)
- Malayalam: ആര് (ārŭ)
- Kannada: ಯಾರು (yāru)
*yĀ-nṯu (“when”)
- South Dravidian:
  - Kannada: ಎಂದು (endu)
  - Tamil-Malayalam: *anṯu
    - Tamil: என்று (eṉṟu)
    - Malayalam: എന്ന് (ennŭ)
Unsorted formations:
- Tamil: எந்த (enta), ஏன் (ēṉ), யாவது (yāvatu), யாங்கண் (yāṅkaṇ), யாங்கு (yāṅku), எதோள் (etōḷ), என்னணம் (eṉṉaṇam), என்னன் (eṉṉaṉ), என்னவன் (eṉṉavaṉ), எந்து (entu), எப்படி (eppaṭi), எவ்வளவு (evvaḷavu), எவ்வாறு (evvāṟu), எப்பொழுது (eppoḻutu), எம்மை (emmai), என்றிய (eṉṟiya), எற்றை (eṟṟai), என்னது (eṉṉatu)
- Malayalam: എന്ത് (entŭ), എപ്പോൾ (eppōḷ), എവിടെ (eviṭe), എത്ര (etra), എങ്ങ് (eṅṅŭ), എന്ന (enna), ഏതാണ്ട് (ētāṇṭŭ)
- Kannada: ಎಷ್ಟು (eṣṭu), ಯಾವುದು (yāvudu)

References

Krishnamurti, Bhadriraju (2003) The Dravidian Languages (Cambridge Language Surveys), Cambridge University Press, →ISBN.
Burrow, T., Emeneau, M. B. (1984) chapter 5151, in A Dravidian etymological dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 465.

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

		singular	plural
1st person	exclusive	*yĀn	*yĀm
	inclusive	*yĀn	*ñām
	reflexive	*tān	*tām
2nd person		*nīn	*nīm
3rd person	masculine	iwanṯu (proximal) uwanṯu (yonder) awanṯu (distal) yĀwanṯu (interrogative)	iwar (proximal) uwar (yonder) awar (distal) yĀwar (interrogative)
	feminine	iwaḷ (proximal) uwaḷ (yonder) awaḷ (distal) yĀwaḷ (interrogative)
	non-human	itu (proximal) utu (yonder) atu (distal) yĀtu (interrogative)	iway (proximal) uway (yonder) away (distal) yĀway (interrogative)