Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/eburos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ebʰros (“yew”).[1] Cognate with German Eberesche, Albanian bërshen.

Noun

*eburos m[1][2][3][4][5]

yew

Declension

Masculine o-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*eburos	*eburou	*eburoi
vocative	*ebure	*eburou	*eburūs
accusative	*eburom	*eburou	*eburoms
genitive	*eburī	*eburous	*eburom
dative	*eburūi	*eburobom	*eburobos
locative	*eburei	*?	*?
instrumental	*eburū	*eburobim	*eburūis

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *eβor
- Middle Breton: heuor, euor
  - Breton: evor (“alder buckthorn”)
- Cornish: evor (“hogweed”)
- Middle Welsh: efwr, ewr
  - Welsh: efwr (“hogweed, cow parsnip”)
Old Irish: ibar
- Irish: iúr, iobhar; úr
- Manx: euar
- Scottish Gaelic: iubhar
Gaulish: eburo-
- →⇒ Latin: Eburobriga
- →⇒ Latin: Eburodūnum
- →⇒? Latin: Eburōnes
Celtiberian: ebur-
- →⇒ Latin: Eburobrittium

References

Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*eburo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 112
R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “efwr, ewr”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies: “*eburo-”
Koch, John (2004) “*eburo-”, in English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda‎, University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Delamarre, Xavier (2003) Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 160: “*eburo-”
Wodtko, Dagmar S. (2017–2018) “Chapter XI: Celtic”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Celtic, page 1256: “*eburo-”

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[Matasovic-1] Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*eburo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 112

[2] R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “efwr, ewr”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies: “*eburo-”

[3] Koch, John (2004) “*eburo-”, in English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda‎, University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

[4] Delamarre, Xavier (2003) Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 160: “*eburo-”

[5] Wodtko, Dagmar S. (2017–2018) “Chapter XI: Celtic”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Celtic, page 1256: “*eburo-”