< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic
Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/balnīti
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *gʷelh₁- (“to throw”), with an original meaning "throw (it away)" becoming a euphemism for death in Celtic.[1] The -n-is from the nasal infix *-né-.
Inflection
| Athematic h₁-root nasal-infix present, t-preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *balnīmi | *balnamam | *biblāsū | *bilam |
| 2nd singular | *balnīsi | *balnatās | *biblāsesi | *bils |
| 3rd singular | *balnīti | *balnato | *biblāseti | *bilt |
| 1st plural | *balnamosi | *balnamo | *biblāsomosi | *bilme |
| 2nd plural | *balnatesi | *balnastē | *biblāsetesi | *bilte |
| 3rd plural | *balnenti | *balnanto | *biblāsonti | *bilant |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *belasū | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | *belasesi | ? | *balnī | |
| 3rd singular | *belaseti | ? | *balnītou | |
| 1st plural | *belasomosi | ? | *balnamos | |
| 2nd plural | *belasetesi | ? | *balnate | |
| 3rd plural | *belasonti | ? | *balnentou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *balnīr | — | *biblāsūr | — |
| 2nd singular | *balnītar | — | *biblāsetar | — |
| 3rd singular | *balnītor | ? | *biblāsetor | — |
| 1st plural | *balnammor | — | *biblāsommor | — |
| 2nd plural | *balnadwe | — | *biblāsedwe | — |
| 3rd plural | *balnentor | ? | *biblāsontor | — |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *belasūr | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *belasetar | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *belasetor | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *belasommor | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *belasedwe | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *belasontor | — | — | |
Derived terms
Descendants
- Proto-Brythonic:
- Middle Welsh: ballwyf (1sg. subjunctive)
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*bal-ni-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 53
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