< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic

Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/-isamos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Alternative forms

  • *-samos

Etymology

From a combination of *-is- (zero-grade intensive adjectival suffix) + *-tm̥mós (superlative suffix).

Suffix

*-isamos[1]

  1. forms superlative adjectives
    *senos (old) + *-isamos*senisamos (oldest) (whence Old Irish sinem and Welsh hynaf)

Inflection

O/ā-stem
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *-isamos *-isamou *-isamoi
vocative *-isame *-isamou *-isamoi
accusative *-isamom *-isamou *-isamoms
genitive *-isamī *-isamous *-isamom
dative *-isamūi *-isamobom *-isamobos
instrumental *-isamū *-isamobim *-isamobis
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *-isamā *-isamai *-isamās
vocative *-isamā *-isamai *-isamās
accusative *-isamam *-isamai *-isamams
genitive *-isamās *-isamous *-isamom
dative *-isamai *-isamābom *-isamābos
instrumental *? *-isamābim *-isamābis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *-isamom *-isamou *-isamā
vocative *-isamom *-isamou *-isamā
accusative *-isamom *-isamou *-isamā
genitive *-isamī *-isamous *-isamom
dative *-isamūi *-isamobom *-isamobos
instrumental *-isamū *-isamobim *-isamobis

Descendants

  • Proto-Brythonic: *-haβ̃
  • Old Irish: -em (superlative suffix)
  • Gaulish: -isamos

References

  1. R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “-af”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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