Dungan

• Tungan, Tungani, Dungani (dated)

From Turkic [Term?], probably via Russian, originally referring to any Hui Chinese. It is an exonym. Chinese scholar Lin Tao (林涛) lists possible etymologies in the first chapter of Donggan yü lungao (东干语论稿, 2007):

• From Chinese 東甘／东甘 (dōng Gān, literally “Eastern Gan[su]”).
• From Chinese 敦煌 (Dūnhuáng, “Dunhuang”, in Gansu).
• From Chinese 潼關／潼关 (Tóngguān, “Tong Pass”, in Gansu), early site of Bai Yanhu's activity.
• From Turkic [Term?] (turupqaighan, literally “staying behind”).
• From Chinese 東岸／东岸 (dōng'àn, literally “eastern coast; or perhaps, eastern side”), in reference to the Fen River.

Hai Feng (海峰) proposes in a 2005 paper () that it is from Chinese 屯墾／屯垦 (túnkěn), from late Qing policy regarding Xinjiang.

• IPA^(key): /ˈdʊŋɡɑːn/

Dungan pl (plural only)

1. A Muslim people originally from north-west China who currently reside in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia.

• Hui

Dungan

1. The Sinitic language of this people, a Mandarin dialect written in the Cyrillic script.

• Ethnologue entry for Dungan, dng ⁠

• Dangun