-ZHĮ́
Navajo
Etymology
From Proto-Athabaskan *šen (“summer”).
In Navajo, the initial fricative *š of Proto-Athabaskan didn't sonorize to zh, so in verbal stems and in the nominal stem shį́ (“summer”) the initial voiceless fricative sh is maintained (with the exception of the adverbial derivative díízhíní (“this summer”), which shows a later sonorization). However, for consistency, the stem set of this root is presented with an analogical voiced initial zh. See also -HAI (“winter”) for a similar situation.
Root
-ZHĮ́
Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive bases (O + ł) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
∅ | motion |
it becomes summer
|
Stem set
Aspect | IMP | PERF | FUT | ITER | OPT |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
MOM | -zhį́į́h | -zhį́ | -zhį́į́ł | -zhį́į́h | -zhį́į́h |
See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.
Derived terms
Navajo terms belonging to the root -ZHĮ́ (summer)
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