-TSĄ́Ą́ʼ

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *kʸan (“rain”). Possibly related to the root -TSĄĄD (“to be pregnant”).

Navajo níłtsą́ (“rain”) originates from this root. Other cognates are found in Ahtna caan (“rain”), Dena'ina kun (“rain”), Koyukon konh (“rain”) and Hupa kyangkyoh (“hailstorm”).

Root

-TSĄ́Ą́ʼ

  1. raindrops fall, rain sprinkles
Theme Category Bases Transitive bases (O + ł)
a + ł rain(drop) falls
  • bikʼiʼdiłtsįįh (MOM)
  • nikidaʼdiłtsįʼ (DIST)
  • niʼdiłtsįʼ / ndaʼdiłtsįʼ
ł adjectival there is rain, it's rainy }

Stem set

Aspect IMP PERF FUT ITER OPT
MOM -tsįįh -tsą́ą́ʼ -tsįįł -tsįįh -tsą́ą́ʼ
DIST -tsįʼ -tsą́ą́ʼ -tsįįł -tsįįh -tsįʼ
NEUT - -tsą́ - - -

See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.

Derived terms

Navajo terms belonging to the root -TSĄ́Ą́ʼ (rain falls)

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