-CHʼIL

See also: chʼil and -chʼil

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Athabaskan *čʷ’ə̓tɬ’ (“to shrivel”), with multiple extended meanings.

Cognate roots found in Ahtna naʼugheltsʼetlʼ (“it shrank”), yiłtsʼetlʼ (“he scorched it”), neltsʼetlʼ (“he has his eyes closed”), deltsʼetlʼ (“fire pops”), Koyukon tsʼetł (“shrubs, small willows”), Gwich'in diltrʼal (“fire crackled”), niltrʼal (“he had his eyes closed”), trʼał (“brush, undergrowth”).

Root

-CHʼIL

  1. to curl, to shrivel

Theme Category Bases Transitive bases (O + ł)
l adjectival

S is curly
l motion

S curls, peels off

  • yiilchʼííł (TRANS)
  • —
  • —
  • bélchʼil (CON)

S curls O

  • yiiłchʼííł (TRANS)
  • yiʼniiłchʼííł
  • neiłchʼil (CONT)
∅ conversive

S is undercooked

S undercooks O, shrivels O by heat
ni + l successive

S closes eyes, blinks

  • niilchʼííł (TRANS)
  • niłchʼil (REP)
  • niilchʼił (SEM)

  2. fire crackles

Theme Category Bases Transitive bases (O + ł)
di + l ? burning wood crackles
  • dilchʼił (REP)
ʼa + di + l ?

lightning strikes

  3. plant

Theme Category Bases Transitive bases (O + ł)
di + ł adjectival

S is dense, brushy

Stem set
Aspect IMP PERF FUT ITER OPT
MOM -chʼííł -chʼil -chʼił -chʼił -chʼííł
TRANS -chʼííł -chʼiil -chʼił -chʼił -chʼííł
CON -chʼiił -chʼil -chʼił -chʼił -chʼiił
CONT / CONCL -chʼil -chʼil -chʼił -chʼił -chʼil
REP -chʼił - - - -
SEM -chʼił -chʼił -chʼił -chʼił -chʼił
NEUTER - -chʼil - - -

See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.

Synonyms

to curl:

 

to blink:

  • -KʼOL

lightning strikes:

Derived terms

Navajo terms belonging to the root -CHʼIL (curl)

Navajo terms belonging to the root -CHʼIL (lightning)

Navajo terms belonging to the root -CHʼIL (plant)

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