-εις
See also: Appendix:Variations of "εις"
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- -ϝεις (-weis)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *-wénts. See Latin -ōsus.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /eːs/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /is/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /is/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /is/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /is/
Inflection
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
| Nominative | -εις -eis |
-εσσᾰ -essa |
-εν -en |
-εντε -ente |
-εσσᾱ -essā |
-εντε -ente |
-εντες -entes |
-εσσαι -essai |
-εντᾰ -enta | |||||
| Genitive | -εντος -entos |
-εσσης -essēs |
-εντος -entos |
-εντοιν -entoin |
-εσσαιν -essain |
-εντοιν -entoin |
-εντων -entōn |
-εσσῶν -essôn |
-εντων -entōn | |||||
| Dative | -εντῐ -enti |
-εσσῃ -essēi |
-εντῐ -enti |
-εντοιν -entoin |
-εσσαιν -essain |
-εντοιν -entoin |
-εισῐ / -εισῐν -eisi(n) |
-εσσαις -essais |
-εισῐ / -εισῐν -eisi(n) | |||||
| Accusative | -εντᾰ -enta |
-εσσᾰν -essan |
-εν -en |
-εντε -ente |
-εσσᾱ -essā |
-εντε -ente |
-εντᾰς -entas |
-εσσᾱς -essās |
-εντᾰ -enta | |||||
| Vocative | -εν -en |
-εσσᾰ -essa |
-εν -en |
-εντε -ente |
-εσσᾱ -essā |
-εντε -ente |
-εντες -entes |
-εσσαι -essai |
-εντᾰ -enta | |||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| -εντως -entōs |
-έστερος -ésteros |
-έστᾰτος -éstatos | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
Words taking this suffix have paroxytone accent, thus χᾰρῐ́εν (kharíen), not **χᾰ́ρῐεν.
Derived terms
Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -εις
- Many island names are formed with the feminine form, lengthened with -o- and contracted, -οῦσσα or -οῦσα:
- Πιθηκοῦσσαι or Πιθηκοῦσαι, derived from πίθηκος
- Οἰνοῦσσαι (latin Oenussae), from οἶνος
- Αἴγουσσαι (latin Aegusae), from αἴξ
- Ἀργινοῦσσαι or Ἀργινοῦσαι, related to ἀργής
- Ὀφιοῦσσα (latin Ophiussa), from ὄφις
- Πιτυοῦσσαι (latin Pityusae), from πίτυς
- Ἰχνοῦσσα (latin Ichnusa), from ἴχνος?
- Ἐλαιοῦσσα, from ἐλαία
- Φοινικοῦσσα (latin Phoenicusa), from φοῖνιξ
- Δρυμοῦσσα (latin Drymusa), from δρῦς
- Φωκοῦσσαι, from φώκη
- Σχοινοῦσσα, from σχοῖνος
- Ἀνθεμοῦσσα, related to Ἀνθεμοῦς
- Σειρηνοῦσσαι, from Σειρήν
- Μηλοῦσσα, from μῆλον
- Κρομυοῦσσα, from κρόμυον or κρόμμυον
References
- Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part III: Formation of Words”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 858.3
- García Alonso, J. L (2010), Ancient Greek Names in -oussa in the West of the Mediterranean
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