-ις

See also: ἴς

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms
  • -ῑς (-īs)
  • -τίς (-tís) — extended form

Etymology

Compare Latin -idus (forming adjectives). Furnée and Beekes also consider it a common Pre-Greek suffix, related to -ιτ- (-it-), -ινδ- (-ind-) and -ινθ- (-inth-).

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation
 

Suffix

-ῐς • (-is) f (genitive -ῐδος); third declension

  1. Forms feminine nouns, or feminine forms of adjectives (often accented on the ultima)
    ‎Ἕλλην (Héllēn, “Greek man”) + ‎-ις (-is) → ‎Ἑλληνίς (Hellēnís, “Greek woman”)
    ‎Ἰλλυριός (Illuriós, “Illyrian man”) + ‎-ις (-is) → ‎Ἰλλυρίς (Illurís, “Illyrian woman”)

Declension
Third declension of -ῐς; -ῐδος (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative -ῐς
-is		 -ῐδε
-ide		 -ῐδες
-ides
Genitive -ῐδος
-idos		 -ῐδοιν
-idoin		 -ῐδων
-idōn
Dative -ῐδῐ
-idi		 -ῐδοιν
-idoin		 -ῐσῐ / -ῐσῐν
-isi(n)
Accusative -ῐδᾰ
-ida		 -ῐδε
-ide		 -ῐδᾰς
-idas
Vocative -ῐς
-is		 -ῐδε
-ide		 -ῐδες
-ides
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
  • Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

Derived terms
Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ις

See also

References
  • Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part III: Formation of Words”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 843.b.2
  • Furnée, Edzard Johan (1972) Die wichtigsten konsonantischen Erscheinungen des Vorgriechischen (Janua linguarum. Series practica; 150) (in German), The Hague and Paris: Mouton, page 324
  • Beekes, Robert S. P. (2014) “70 -ῑδ-”, in Stefan Norbruis, editor, Pre-Greek: Phonology, Morphology, Lexicon, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, § 2.3 The Suffixes, page 36
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