๐๐๐ฎ๐
Prakrit
Alternative forms
- ๐๐๐๐ (khฤแธ), ๐๐๐๐๐๐ (khฤแธแธ), ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ (khiแธแธ), ๐๐ป๐ฎ๐ (khฤซl), ๐๐บ๐ฎ๐๐ฎ๐ (khill), ๐๐๐ฎ๐๐ฎ๐ (khฤll), ๐๐๐ฎ๐ (kฤl)
Etymology
Unknown. Sanskrit เคเฅเคฐเฅเคกเฅ ~ เคเฅเคฐเฅเคณเฅ (krฤซแธ ~ krฤซแธท) was either a borrowing from a substrate, or an inherited term whose Middle Indo-Aryan descendants were influenced by substrata into like forms like this word, ๐๐บ๐ฎ๐๐ฎ๐ (killaรฏ), ๐๐บ๐๐๐๐ (kiแธแธaรฏ), and ๐๐๐ฎ๐๐ฎ๐ (khฤll). Given the predominance of the aspirated variants (with kh-), which normally are not morphed from unaspirated Old Indo-Aryan words, both the Prakrit and Sanskrit words are likely to be substrate borrowings, further suggested by persistent fluidity of the phonemes แธ ~ แธท ~ l.
Other attested forms like เคเฅเคฒเฅ (khel, โto shakeโ), เคเฅเคฒเฅ (kel, โto shake, frolicโ), เคเฅเคทเฅเคตเฅเคฒเฅ (kแนฃvel), and เคเฅเคตเฅเคฒเฅ (kvel) are Sanskritizations of these roots. Romani khelel appears to derive from เคเฅเคทเฅเคตเฅเคฒเฅ (kแนฃvel) (Old Indo-Aryan kแนฃ- > Romani kh-, while Old Indo-Aryan kh- > Romani x-). Elsewhere, the lack of descendants with initial ch- also suggests that the Old Indo-Aryan was aspirated.[1][2]
Derived terms
- ๐๐บ๐๐๐ n (khiแธแธa, โplayโ)
- ๐๐บ๐ฎ๐๐ฎ๐ (khillaรฏ, โplaysโ)
- ๐๐ป๐ฎ๐ธ๐ฏ๐ก n (khฤซlฤvaแนa, โtoyโ)
- ๐๐๐๐ก๐ n (kheแธaแนaa, โtoyโ)
- ๐๐๐๐ธ๐ฏ๐ (kheแธฤvaga, โplayingโ)
- ๐๐๐ฎ๐ (khelaรฏ, โplaysโ)
- ๐๐๐ฎ๐ก (khelaแนa, โplayingโ)
- ๐๐๐ฎ๐ก๐ฌ (khelaแนaya, โplayingโ)
- ๐๐๐ฎ๐๐ฎ๐ (khฤllaรฏ, โplaysโ)
- ๐๐๐ฎ๐๐ฎ๐ก (khฤllaแนa, โplayingโ)
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969โ1985) โkhฤแธโ, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
- Monier Williams (1899) โ๐๐๐ฎ๐โ, in A SanskritโEnglish Dictionary, [โฆ], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, โOCLC, page 334.