𐫍𐫀𐫇𐫘𐫀𐫡

Parthian

Etymology

The word possibly contains 𐫍𐫀𐫖 (hʾm /⁠hām-⁠/, “same”) and either 𐫘𐫡 (sr /⁠sar⁠/, “head”) or 𐫘𐫀𐫡 (sʾr /⁠sār⁠/, “year”), from Proto-Indo-European *sem-, *ḱerh₂- and Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćarHáts respectively: alternatively the prefix may be the Proto-Iranian *hāwat- (“similar”), whence Middle Persian 𐫍𐫀𐫇𐫗𐫅 (hʾwnd /⁠hāwend⁠/, “similar”).[1][2][3][4] Compare Middle Persian 𐫍𐫘𐫀𐫡 (hsʾr /⁠hassār⁠/, “alike, equal; like, corresponding to”), Persian همسر (hamsar, “of the same age or authority; spouse”) and Old Armenian հասարակ (hasarak, “common”), an Iranian loanword.

Adjective

𐫍𐫀𐫇𐫘𐫀𐫡 • (hʾwsʾr /hāwsār/)[1][5][6] (Manichaean)

  1. similar, like
  2. the like
  • 𐫍𐫀𐫇𐫘𐫀𐫡𐫃 (hʾwsʾrg /⁠hawsārag⁠/, “of the same rank/age”)

Descendants
  • → Old Armenian: հաւասար (hawasar) (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Salemann, Carl (1908) “Manichaeische Studien. I. Die mittelpersischen Texte in revidierter Transcription, mit Glossar und grammatischen Bemerkungen”, in Mémoires de l’Académie Impériale des Sciences de St.-Pétersbourg, VIIIe Série, Cl. hist.-phil., volume 8, number 10, page 81
  2. Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “հաւասար”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, page 69ab
  3. Benveniste, Émile (1957–1958) “Mots d’emprunt iraniens en arménien”, in Bulletin de la Société de Linguistique de Paris (in French), volume 53, pages 56–57
  4. Bailey, H. W. (1979) Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 457b
  5. Boyce, Mary (1977) A word-list of Manichaean Middle Persian and Parthian (Acta Iranica 9a, Série 3 – “Textes et mémoires”, vol. 2-supplément)‎, with a reverse index by Ronald Zwanziger, Leiden, Tehran-Liège: E.J. Brill, Bibliothèque Pahlavi, page 45
  6. Durkin-Meisterernst, Desmond (2004) A Dictionary of Manichaean Middle Persian and Parthian (Corpus Fontium Manichaeorum; 3.1), Turnhout: Brepols, page 176b
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