π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒ½

Gothic

Etymology

From π†π‚πŒ°- (fra-) +β€Ž π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒ½ (wrikan).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /fraˈwrikan/

Verb

π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (frawrikan) (perfective)

  1. (hapax) to persecute
    • 1 Thessalonians 2:15:
      𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌴𐌹 𐌾𐌰𐌷 π†π‚πŒ°πŒΏπŒΎπŒΉπŒ½ πŒΏπƒπŒ΅πŒ΄πŒΌπŒΏπŒ½ πŒΉπŒ΄πƒπŒΏπŒ° 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πƒπ…πŒ΄πƒπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌ π€π‚πŒ°πŒΏπ†πŒ΄π„πŒΏπŒΌ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒΏπŒ½πƒ π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒ΄πŒΊπŒΏπŒ½ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌰 𐌽𐌹 πŒ²πŒ°πŒ»πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πƒ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌼 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈπŒ°πŒ½πƒ πƒπŒΉπŒ½πŒ³
      ΓΎaiei jah fraujin usqΔ“mun iΔ“sua jah swΔ“saim praufΔ“tum jah uns frawrΔ“kun jah guda ni galeikandans jah allaim mannam andaneiΓΎans sind
      who both killed the Lord Jesus, and their own prophets, and have persecuted us; and they please not God, and are contrary to all men (KJV)

Conjugation
Class 5 strong
Infinitive π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒ½
frawrikan
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°
frawrika		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒ°πŒΊ
frawrak		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
frawrikada
2nd singular π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒΉπƒ
frawrikis		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒ°πŒΊπ„
frawrakt		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
frawrikaza
3rd singular π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒΉπŒΈ
frawrikiΓΎ		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒ°πŒΊ
frawrak		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
frawrikada
1st dual π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπ‰πƒ
frawrikōs		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒ΄πŒΊπŒΏ
frawrΔ“ku		 β€”
2nd dual π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°π„πƒ
frawrikats		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒ΄πŒΊπŒΏπ„πƒ
frawrΔ“kuts		 β€”
1st plural π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒΌ
frawrikam		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒ΄πŒΊπŒΏπŒΌ
frawrΔ“kum		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
frawrikanda
2nd plural π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒΉπŒΈ
frawrikiΓΎ		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒ΄πŒΊπŒΏπŒΈ
frawrΔ“kuΓΎ		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
frawrikanda
3rd plural π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
frawrikand		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒ΄πŒΊπŒΏπŒ½
frawrΔ“kun		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
frawrikanda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒΏ
frawrikau		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒ΄πŒΊπŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
frawrΔ“kjau		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
frawrikaidau
2nd singular π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπƒ
frawrikais		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒ΄πŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
frawrΔ“keis		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
frawrikaizau
3rd singular π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒΉ
frawrikai		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒ΄πŒΊπŒΉ
frawrΔ“ki		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
frawrikaidau
1st dual π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
frawrikaiwa		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒ΄πŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
frawrΔ“keiwa		 β€”
2nd dual π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
frawrikaits		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒ΄πŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
frawrΔ“keits		 β€”
1st plural π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
frawrikaima		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒ΄πŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
frawrΔ“keima		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
frawrikaindau
2nd plural π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
frawrikaiΓΎ		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒ΄πŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
frawrΔ“keiΓΎ		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
frawrikaindau
3rd plural π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
frawrikaina		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒ΄πŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
frawrΔ“keina		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
frawrikaindau
Imperative
2nd singular π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊ
frawrik
3rd singular π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
frawrikadau
2nd dual π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°π„πƒ
frawrikats
2nd plural π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒΉπŒΈ
frawrikiΓΎ
3rd plural π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
frawrikandau
Present Past
Participles π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
frawrikands		 π†π‚πŒ°π…π‚πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πƒ
frawrikans

Further reading
  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 178
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