πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌳𐌿- (du-) +β€Ž π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½ (wakan).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /duˈwakan/

Verb

πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (duwakan)

  1. (hapax, intransitive) to watch, keep alert
    • Ephesians 6:18:
      πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ· πŒ°πŒ»πŒ»π‰πƒ πŒ°πŒΉπŒ·π„π‚π‰πŒ½πŒΉπŒ½πƒ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒ±πŒΉπŒ³π‰πƒ πŒ°πŒΉπŒ·π„π‚π‰πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πƒ 𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰 𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌰 𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌷𐌼𐌹𐌽 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌳𐌿 𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πƒ πƒπŒΉπŒ½π„πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½π‰ πŒΏπƒπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒ±πŒΉπŒ³π‰πŒΌ π†π‚πŒ°πŒΌ 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼 π…πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ·πŒ°πŒΌ,
      ΓΎairh allōs aihtrōnins jah bidōs aihtrōndans in alla mΔ“la in ahmin jah du ΓΎamma duwakandans sinteinō usdaudein jah bidōm fram allaim ΓΎaim weiham,
      Praying always with all prayer and supplication in the Spirit, and watching thereunto with all perseverance and supplication for all saints; (KJV)
    Synonym: π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½ (wakan) (found in a variant reading of the passage from Ephesians)

Conjugation
Class 6 strong
Infinitive πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½
duwakan
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°
duwaka		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…π‰πŒΊ
duwōk		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
duwakada
2nd singular πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒΉπƒ
duwakis		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…π‰πŒΊπ„
duwōkt		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
duwakaza
3rd singular πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒΉπŒΈ
duwakiΓΎ		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…π‰πŒΊ
duwōk		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
duwakada
1st dual πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπ‰πƒ
duwakōs		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…π‰πŒΊπŒΏ
duwōku		 β€”
2nd dual πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°π„πƒ
duwakats		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…π‰πŒΊπŒΏπ„πƒ
duwōkuts		 β€”
1st plural πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΌ
duwakam		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…π‰πŒΊπŒΏπŒΌ
duwōkum		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
duwakanda
2nd plural πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒΉπŒΈ
duwakiΓΎ		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…π‰πŒΊπŒΏπŒΈ
duwōkuΓΎ		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
duwakanda
3rd plural πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
duwakand		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…π‰πŒΊπŒΏπŒ½
duwōkun		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
duwakanda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏ
duwakau		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…π‰πŒΊπŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
duwōkjau		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
duwakaidau
2nd singular πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπƒ
duwakais		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…π‰πŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
duwōkeis		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
duwakaizau
3rd singular πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉ
duwakai		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…π‰πŒΊπŒΉ
duwōki		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
duwakaidau
1st dual πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
duwakaiwa		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…π‰πŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
duwōkeiwa		 β€”
2nd dual πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
duwakaits		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…π‰πŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
duwōkeits		 β€”
1st plural πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
duwakaima		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…π‰πŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
duwōkeima		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
duwakaindau
2nd plural πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
duwakaiΓΎ		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…π‰πŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
duwōkeiΓΎ		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
duwakaindau
3rd plural πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
duwakaina		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…π‰πŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
duwōkeina		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
duwakaindau
Imperative
2nd singular πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊ
duwak
3rd singular πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
duwakadau
2nd dual πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°π„πƒ
duwakats
2nd plural πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒΉπŒΈ
duwakiΓΎ
3rd plural πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
duwakandau
Present Past
Participles πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
duwakands		 πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πƒ
duwakans

Further reading
  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 168
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