調べる
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 調 |
| しら Grade: 3 |
| kun’yomi |
Etymology
The seemingly unrelated senses "to investigate" and "to play an instrument" are probably a semantic loan from Middle Chinese 調 (MC dewH) via kanbun kundoku.
Pronunciation
- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "調べる"
| Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
調べる | しらべる | [shìrábéꜜrù] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 調べろ | しらべろ | [shìrábéꜜrò] |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 調べられる | しらべられる | [shìrábéráréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 調べさせる | しらべさせる | [shìrábésáséꜜrù] |
| Potential | 調べられる | しらべられる | [shìrábéráréꜜrù] |
| Volitional | 調べよう | しらべよー | [shìrábéyóꜜò] |
| Negative | 調べない | しらべない | [shìrábéꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 調べなかった | しらべなかった | [shìrábéꜜnàkàttà] |
| Formal | 調べます | しらべます | [shìrábémáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 調べた | しらべた | [shìráꜜbètà] |
| Conjunctive | 調べて | しらべて | [shìráꜜbètè] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 調べれば | しらべれば | [shìrábéꜜrèbà] |
Verb
調べる • (shiraberu) transitive ichidan (stem 調べ (shirabe), past 調べた (shirabeta))
- to investigate, to look up, to look into, to study, to examine, to check up on, to look over
- インターネットで調べる
- intānetto de shiraberu
- to investigate using the internet
- 犯人を調べる
- hannin o shiraberu
- to inquest the criminal
- 辞書で調べる
- jisho de shiraberu
- to look up in a dictionary
- インターネットで調べる
- (music) to play, to perform (an instrument)
- (music) to tune
Conjugation
Conjugation of "調べる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 調べ | しらべ | shirabe | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 調べ | しらべ | shirabe | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 調べる | しらべる | shiraberu | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 調べる | しらべる | shiraberu | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 調べれ | しらべれ | shirabere | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 調べよ¹ 調べろ² |
しらべよ¹ しらべろ² |
shirabeyo¹ shirabero² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 調べられる | しらべられる | shiraberareru | |
| Causative | 調べさせる 調べさす |
しらべさせる しらべさす |
shirabesaseru shirabesasu | |
| Potential | 調べられる 調べれる³ |
しらべられる しらべれる³ |
shiraberareru shirabereru³ | |
| Volitional | 調べよう | しらべよう | shirabeyō | |
| Negative | 調べない 調べぬ 調べん |
しらべない しらべぬ しらべん |
shirabenai shirabenu shiraben | |
| Negative continuative | 調べず | しらべず | shirabezu | |
| Formal | 調べます | しらべます | shirabemasu | |
| Perfective | 調べた | しらべた | shirabeta | |
| Conjunctive | 調べて | しらべて | shirabete | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 調べれば | しらべれば | shirabereba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential | ||||
Classical conjugation of "調ぶ" (バ行下二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 調べ | しらべ | sirabe |
| Continuative (連用形) | 調べ | しらべ | sirabe |
| Terminal (終止形) | 調ぶ | しらぶ | sirabu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 調ぶる | しらぶる | siraburu |
| Realis (已然形) | 調ぶれ | しらぶれ | sirabure |
| Imperative (命令形) | 調べよ | しらべよ | sirabeyo |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 調べず | しらべず | sirabezu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 調ぶれど | しらぶれど | siraburedo |
| Causal conjunction | 調ぶれば | しらぶれば | sirabureba |
| Conditional conjunction | 調べば | しらべば | sirabeba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 調べき | しらべき | sirabeki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 調べけり | しらべけり | sirabekeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 調べつ | しらべつ | sirabetu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 調べぬ | しらべぬ | sirabenu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 調べたり | しらべたり | sirabetari |
| Volitional | 調べむ | しらべむ | sirabemu |
References
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.