蔑む

Japanese
Kanji in this term
蔑
さげす
Grade: S
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
貶む

Etymology

Originally a compound of 下(さ)げ (sage, 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 下(さ)げる (sageru)) + 墨(す)む (sumu, verbification of 墨(すみ) (sumi, “ink”)).[1]

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) さげす​む [sàgésúꜜmù] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
  • IPA(key): [sa̠ɡe̞sɨᵝmɯ̟ᵝ]

Verb

蔑(さげす)む • (sagesumu) transitive godan (stem 蔑(さげす)み (sagesumi), past 蔑(さげす)んだ (sagesunda))

  1. scorn, despise
    身(み)なりを見(み)ただけで人(ひと)を蔑(さげす)むのはよくない。
    Minari o mita dake de hito o sagesumu no wa yokunai.
    It's not good to despise someone just because of their clothing.

Conjugation
Conjugation of "蔑む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 蔑ま さげすま sagesuma
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 蔑み さげすみ sagesumi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 蔑む さげすむ sagesumu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 蔑む さげすむ sagesumu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 蔑め さげすめ sagesume
Meireikei ("imperative") 蔑め さげすめ sagesume
Key constructions
Passive 蔑まれる さげすまれる sagesumareru
Causative 蔑ませる
蔑ます		 さげすませる
さげすます		 sagesumaseru
sagesumasu
Potential 蔑める さげすめる sagesumeru
Volitional 蔑もう さげすもう sagesumō
Negative 蔑まない さげすまない sagesumanai
Negative continuative 蔑まず さげすまず sagesumazu
Formal 蔑みます さげすみます sagesumimasu
Perfective 蔑んだ さげすんだ sagesunda
Conjunctive 蔑んで さげすんで sagesunde
Hypothetical conditional 蔑めば さげすめば sagesumeba
Classical conjugation of "蔑む" (マ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 蔑まさげすまsagesuma
Continuative (連用形) 蔑みさげすみsagesumi
Terminal (終止形) 蔑むさげすむsagesumu
Attributive (連体形) 蔑むさげすむsagesumu
Realis (已然形) 蔑めさげすめsagesume
Imperative (命令形) 蔑めさげすめsagesume
Key constructions
Negative 蔑まずさげすまずsagesumazu
Contrasting conjunction 蔑めどさげすめどsagesumedo
Causal conjunction 蔑めばさげすめばsagesumeba
Conditional conjunction 蔑まばさげすまばsagesumaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 蔑みきさげすみきsagesumiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 蔑みけりさげすみけりsagesumikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 蔑みつさげすみつsagesumitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 蔑みぬさげすみぬsagesuminu
Perfect-continuative tense 蔑めり
蔑みたり		さげすめり
さげすみたり		sagesumeri
sagesumitari
Volitional 蔑まむさげすまむsagesumamu

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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