菩薘

Chinese

	phonetic
trad. (菩薘)	菩	薘
simp. (菩荙)	菩	荙
alternative forms	菩達／菩达蒲達／蒲达葡達／葡达菩突蒲突

Etymology

Possibly related to 菩提 (“bodhi”); compare the now-dated name 菩提瓜 (“bitter gourd”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): púdá

(Zhuyin): ㄆㄨˊ ㄉㄚˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): pou⁴ daat⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: púdá
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄨˊ ㄉㄚˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: púdá
  - Wade–Giles: pʻu²-ta²
  - Yale: pú-dá
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pwudar
  - Palladius: пуда (puda)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu³⁵ tä³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: pou⁴ daat⁶
  - Yale: pòuh daaht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: pou⁴ daat⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: pou⁴ dad⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰou̯²¹ taːt̚²/

Noun

菩薘

(chiefly Cantonese, dated) bitter melon
- 子薑辣，買菩薘，菩薘苦，買豬肚 [Cantonese, trad.]
  子姜辣，买菩荙，菩荙苦，买猪肚 [Cantonese, simp.]
  From: 月光光 (a nursery rhyme)
  zi² goeng¹ laat⁶, maai⁵ pou⁴ daat⁶, pou⁴ daat⁶ fu², maai⁵ zyu¹ tou⁵ [Jyutping]
  The tender ginger is pungent, buy bitter melon, the bitter melon is bitter, buy hog maw

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 苦瓜 (“bitter melon”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		苦瓜
Taxonomic name		苦瓜
Mandarin	Beijing	苦瓜
	Taiwan	苦瓜
	Langfang	苦瓜
	Tangshan	癩不頭
	Cangzhou	苦瓜
	Baoding	苦瓜
	Shijiazhuang	苦瓜
	Daming	苦瓜
	Harbin	苦瓜, 癩瓜
	Shenyang	癩瓜
	Jinan	苦瓜
	Luoyang	苦瓜
	Xi'an	苦瓜
	Yinchuan	苦瓜
	Lanzhou	苦瓜
	Xining	苦瓜
	Ürümqi	苦瓜
	Wuhan	苦瓜
	Chengdu	苦瓜
	Guiyang	苦瓜
	Guilin	苦瓜
	Liuzhou	苦瓜
	Xuzhou	苦瓜
	Nanjing	癩葡萄, 苦瓜
	Malaysia	苦瓜
	Singapore	苦瓜
Cantonese	Guangzhou	苦瓜, 涼瓜, 菩薘 dated
	Hong Kong	苦瓜, 涼瓜, 菩薘 dated
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	菩薘
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	苦瓜
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	菩薘
	Taishan	苦瓜
	Kaiping (Chikan)	涼瓜
	Dongguan	苦瓜, 涼瓜, 菩薘
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	菩薘
	Yangjiang	苦瓜
	Nanning	苦瓜
	Wuzhou	苦瓜
	Yulin	苦瓜
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	苦瓜
Gan	Nanchang	苦瓜
	Pengze	苦瓜
	Lichuan	苦瓜
	Pingxiang	苦瓜
Hakka	Meixian	苦瓜
	Zengcheng (Zhengguo)	苦瓜
	Yudu	苦瓜
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	苦瓜
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	苦瓜, 苦瓜仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	苦瓜
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	苦瓜
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	苦瓜
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	苦瓜
	Hong Kong	苦瓜
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	苦瓜
Jin	Taiyuan	苦瓜
	Zhangjiakou	苦瓜
	Handan	苦瓜
Northern Min	Jian'ou	苦瓜
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	苦瓜
Eastern Min	Fuqing	苦瓜
Southern Min	Xiamen	苦瓜
	Zhao'an	苦瓜
	Tainan	苦瓜
	Penang (Hokkien)	苦瓜
	Singapore (Hokkien)	苦瓜
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	苦瓜
	Datian	苦瓜
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	苦瓜
	Haifeng	苦瓜
	Haikou	苦瓜
Central Min	Yong'an	苦瓜
Zhongshan Min	Sanxiang	菩督
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	苦瓜
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	苦瓜
Wu	Shanghai	苦瓜
	Suzhou	苦瓜
	Danyang	癩葡萄瓜
	Hangzhou	苦瓜
	Ningbo	苦瓜
	Wenzhou	紅瓤
	Jinhua	苦瓜
Xiang	Changsha	苦瓜
	Loudi	苦瓜
	Quanzhou	苦瓜

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