積もる
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 積 |
| つ Grade: 4 |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 積る |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [t͡sɨᵝmo̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]
- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "積もる"
| Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
積もる | つもる | [tsùmóꜜrù] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 積もれ | つもれ | [tsùmóꜜrè] |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 積もられる | つもられる | [tsùmóráréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 積もらせる | つもらせる | [tsùmóráséꜜrù] |
| Potential | - | - | - |
| Volitional | 積もろう | つもろー | [tsùmóróꜜò] |
| Negative | 積もらない | つもらない | [tsùmóráꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 積もらなかった | つもらなかった | [tsùmóráꜜnàkàttà] |
| Formal | 積もります | つもります | [tsùmórímáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 積もった | つもった | [tsùmóꜜttà] |
| Conjunctive | 積もって | つもって | [tsùmóꜜttè] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 積もれば | つもれば | [tsùmóꜜrèbà] |
Verb
積もる • (tsumoru) intransitive godan (stem 積もり (tsumori), past 積もった (tsumotta))
| Japanese verb pair | |
|---|---|
| active | 積む |
| mediopassive | 積もる |
Conjugation
Conjugation of "積もる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 積もら | つもら | tsumora |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 積もり | つもり | tsumori |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 積もる | つもる | tsumoru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 積もる | つもる | tsumoru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 積もれ | つもれ | tsumore |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 積もれ | つもれ | tsumore |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 積もられる | つもられる | tsumorareru |
| Causative | 積もらせる 積もらす |
つもらせる つもらす |
tsumoraseru tsumorasu |
| Potential | 積もれる | つもれる | tsumoreru |
| Volitional | 積もろう | つもろう | tsumorō |
| Negative | 積もらない | つもらない | tsumoranai |
| Negative continuative | 積もらず | つもらず | tsumorazu |
| Formal | 積もります | つもります | tsumorimasu |
| Perfective | 積もった | つもった | tsumotta |
| Conjunctive | 積もって | つもって | tsumotte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 積もれば | つもれば | tsumoreba |
Classical conjugation of "積もる" (ラ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 積もら | つもら | tumora |
| Continuative (連用形) | 積もり | つもり | tumori |
| Terminal (終止形) | 積もる | つもる | tumoru |
| Attributive (連体形) | 積もる | つもる | tumoru |
| Realis (已然形) | 積もれ | つもれ | tumore |
| Imperative (命令形) | 積もれ | つもれ | tumore |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 積もらず | つもらず | tumorazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 積もれど | つもれど | tumoredo |
| Causal conjunction | 積もれば | つもれば | tumoreba |
| Conditional conjunction | 積もらば | つもらば | tumoraba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 積もりき | つもりき | tumoriki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 積もりけり | つもりけり | tumorikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 積もりつ | つもりつ | tumoritu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 積もりぬ | つもりぬ | tumorinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 積もれり 積もりたり | つもれり つもりたり | tumoreri tumoritari |
| Volitional | 積もらむ | つもらむ | tumoramu |
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