渺茫

Chinese

		vague; remote	vague; vast
trad. (渺茫)		渺	茫
simp. ^#(渺茫)		渺	茫
alternative forms		淼茫 “expansive”

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): miǎománg

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄠˇ ㄇㄤˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): miu⁵ mong⁴
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): biáu-bông

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: miǎománg
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄠˇ ㄇㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: miǎománg
  - Wade–Giles: miao³-mang²
  - Yale: myǎu-máng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: meaumang
  - Palladius: мяоман (mjaoman)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mɑŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: miu⁵ mong⁴
  - Yale: míuh mòhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: miu⁵ mong⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: miu⁵ mong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /miːu̯¹³ mɔːŋ²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: biáu-bông
  - Tâi-lô: biáu-bông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: biaw'boong
  - IPA (Xiamen): /biau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /biau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /biau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /biau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /biau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bɔŋ²³/

Middle Chinese: mjiewX mang

Rime
Character	渺	茫
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	亡沼切	莫郎切
Baxter	mjiewX	mang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/miᴇu^X/	/mɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/miɛu^X/	/mɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/mjæu^X/	/mɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/miaw^X/	/maŋ/
Li Rong	/miɛu^X/	/mɑŋ/
Wang Li	/mĭɛu^X/	/mɑŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/mi̯ɛu^X/	/mɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	miǎo	máng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	miu⁵	mong⁴

Adjective

渺茫

vague; indistinct; remote
(of hope, future, etc.) uncertain; slim; marginal; tenuous
(of water) expansive; vast; boundless

Derived terms

前途渺茫
渺渺茫茫

Related terms

迷茫 (mímáng)

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