変ずる

Japanese
Kanji in this term
変
へん
Grade: 4
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
變ずる (kyūjitai)

Etymology

変 (“to change”) +‎ する (“to do”, originally only 連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive”), as opposed to す which is 終止形 (shūshikei, “final”)). The suru reading for する changes to zuru as an instance of rendaku (連濁). In Classical Japanese, it was 変ず (fenzu). Superseded, especially in Tokyo Japanese, by 変じる (henjiru) which derives from 連用形 (ren'yōkei) of す(る) (su(ru)).

fen + su → fenzu → henzuru → henjiru

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) へんずる [hèńzúrú] (Heiban – [0])
  • (Tokyo) へんず​る [hèńzúꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [3])
  • IPA(key): [hẽ̞nd͡zɨᵝɾɯ̟ᵝ]

Verb

変(へん)ずる • (henzuru) suru (stem 変(へん)じ (henji), past 変(へん)じた (henjita))

  1. Alternative form of 変じる (henjiru, “to change; to turn”)
    狼(おおかみ)に変(へん)ずる
    ōkami ni henzuru
    to turn into a wolf

Conjugation
Conjugation of "変ずる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 変じ
変ぜ		 へんじ
へんぜ		 henji
henze
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 変じ へんじ henji
Shūshikei ("terminal") 変ずる へんずる henzuru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 変ずる へんずる henzuru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 変ずれ へんずれ henzure
Meireikei ("imperative") 変ぜよ¹
変じろ²		 へんぜよ¹
へんじろ²		 henzeyo¹
henjiro²
Key constructions
Passive 変じられる
変ぜられる		 へんじられる
へんぜられる		 henjirareru
henzerareru
Causative 変じさせる
変じさす		 へんじさせる
へんじさす		 henjisaseru
henjisasu
Potential 変じられる
変ぜられる		 へんじられる
へんぜられる		 henjirareru
henzerareru
Volitional 変じよう へんじよう henjiyō
Negative 変じない へんじない henjinai
Negative continuative 変ぜず へんぜず henzezu
Formal 変じます へんじます henjimasu
Perfective 変じた へんじた henjita
Conjunctive 変じて へんじて henjite
Hypothetical conditional 変ずれば へんずれば henzureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

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