勤苦

Chinese

		diligent; frequent	bitter; intensely; miserable bitter; intensely; miserable; painful
trad. (勤苦)		勤	苦
simp. ^#(勤苦)		勤	苦

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qínkǔ

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄣˊ ㄎㄨˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kan⁴ fu²
Min Nan (POJ): khûn-khó͘ / khîn-khó͘

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qínkǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣˊ ㄎㄨˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cínkǔ
  - Wade–Giles: chʻin²-kʻu³
  - Yale: chín-kǔ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chynkuu
  - Palladius: циньку (cinʹku)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰin³⁵ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: kan⁴ fu²
  - Yale: kàhn fú
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kan⁴ fu²
  - Guangdong Romanization: ken⁴ fu²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɐn²¹ fuː³⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khûn-khó͘
  - Tâi-lô: khûn-khóo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qunqor
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰun²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰun²⁴⁻²² kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰun²⁴⁻²² kʰɔ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khîn-khó͘
  - Tâi-lô: khîn-khóo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qinqor
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰin¹³⁻²² kʰɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰin²³⁻³³ kʰɔ⁴¹/

Adjective

勤苦

hardworking; assiduous

Synonyms

勤儉／勤俭 (qínjiǎn)

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