前科

Chinese

		front, forepart; in front; past front, forepart; in front; past; former; previous; last; before; preceding; earlier; ago; future; time ahead; first; top; battlefront; to move forward	branch of study; administrative section; division branch of study; administrative section; division; field; branch; stage directions; family (taxonomy); rules; laws; to mete out (punishment); to levy (taxes, etc.); to fine somebody
trad. (前科)		前	科
simp. ^#(前科)		前	科

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qiánkē

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄎㄜ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cin⁴ fo¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chiân-kho

(Teochew, Peng'im): zoin⁵ kuê¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiánkē
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄎㄜ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ciánke
  - Wade–Giles: chʻien²-kʻo¹
  - Yale: chyán-kē
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyanke
  - Palladius: цянькэ (cjanʹkɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: cin⁴ fo¹
  - Yale: chìhn fō
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsin⁴ fo¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: qin⁴ fo¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːn²¹ fɔː⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiân-kho
  - Tâi-lô: tsiân-kho
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cienqoy
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɛn²⁴⁻²² kʰo⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɛn²⁴⁻²² kʰo³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɛn¹³⁻²² kʰo⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰo⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɛn²³⁻³³ kʰɤ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zoin⁵ kuê¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsôiⁿ khue
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sõĩ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kʰue³³/

Noun

前科

previous convictions; priors; criminal record

Derived terms

前科犯 (qiánkēfàn)

See also

案底 (àndǐ)
犯罪記錄／犯罪记录 (fànzuì jìlù)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
前	科
ぜん Grade: 2	か Grade: 2
on’yomi

Noun

前(ぜん)科(か) • (zenka)

criminal record, previous conviction
- 1923, 松本泰, 緑衣の女:
  彼(かれ)は詐偽(さぎ)の前科(ぜんか)を持(も)っていた。
  Kare wa sagi no zenka o motte ita.
  He had prior convictions of fraud.
(figuratively) past misdeed
あいつには酒乱(しゅらん)の前科(ぜんか)がある。
Aitsu niha shuran no zenka ga aru.
He has a past misdeed that caused drunkenness.

Synonyms

(criminal record): 刑余(けいよ) (keiyo)
(past misdeed): 旧悪(きゅうあく) (kyūaku)

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