三叉

Chinese

		three	to cross; be stuck; to diverge to cross; be stuck; to diverge; to open (as legs); fork; pitchfork; prong; pick; cross; intersect
simp. and trad. (三叉)		三	叉

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sānchà

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄢㄔㄚˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): saam¹ caa¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sâm-chhâ
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): saⁿ-chhe / sam-chhe

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sānchà
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄢㄔㄚˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sanchà
  - Wade–Giles: san¹-chʻa⁴
  - Yale: sān-chà
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sanchah
  - Palladius: саньча (sanʹča)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: saam¹ caa¹
  - Yale: sāam chā
  - Cantonese Pinyin: saam¹ tsaa¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: sam¹ ca¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /saːm⁵⁵ t͡sʰaː⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sâm-chhâ
  - Hakka Romanization System: sam´ ca´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sam¹ ca¹
  - Sinological IPA: /sam²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰa²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: saⁿ-chhe
  - Tâi-lô: sann-tshe
  - Phofsit Daibuun: svazhef
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sã⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sam-chhe
  - Tâi-lô: sam-tshe
  - Phofsit Daibuun: samzhef
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰe⁴⁴/

Adjective

三叉

(attributive) branching in three directions; three-way
(anatomy, attributive) trigeminal

Synonyms

(trident): 三叉戟 (sānchājǐ)

Derived terms

三叉動脈／三叉动脉
三叉口
三叉山 (Sānchàshān)
三叉神經／三叉神经
三叉神經痛／三叉神经痛 (sānchà shénjīngtòng)
三叉神經節／三叉神经节 (sānchà shénjīngjié)
三叉路

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
三	叉
みつ Grade: 1	また Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Compound of 三つ (mitsu, “three”) +‎ 叉 (mata, “fork, bifurcation”).[1][2][3]

Alternative forms

三つ股, 三つ叉, 三つ俣
三椏 (limited to the "bush" sense)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) みつまた [mìtsúmátá] (Heiban – [0])[4][2][3]
IPA^(key): [mʲit͡sɨᵝma̠ta̠]

Noun

三(みつ)叉(また) • (mitsumata)

a three-way fork, such as in a road, river, or tree
a trident
Alternative spelling of 三椏: the paper bush, Edgeworthia chrysantha, from the way the bush branches in threes
This sense is more commonly spelled 三椏 in kanji. As with many terms naming organisms, this is often spelled in katakana in biology contexts, as ミツマタ.

Proper noun

三(みつ)叉(また) • (Mitsumata)

an area along the Sumida River in Tokyo between the Shin Ōhashi and the Kiyosu-bashi bridges, near the inlet of the Onagi Canal

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
三	叉
さん Grade: 1	さ Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 三叉. Compare modern Mandarin 三叉 (sānchā).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) さんさ [sáꜜǹsà] (Atamadaka – [1])[2][3]
IPA^(key): [sã̠ɰ̃sa̠]

Noun

三(さん)叉(さ) • (sansa)

a three-way fork, such as in a road, river, or tree

References

Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

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